tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7335951726060879512024-02-08T11:39:04.027-08:00Order essay onlineJanehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.comBlogger2024125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-3573495939667244572020-08-23T00:34:00.001-07:002020-08-23T00:34:39.215-07:00williams essay Essay Example for Freewilliams article Essay The Poem, ââ¬Å"Blackberriesâ⬠(1992), by Yusef Komunyakaa is a review look In the Day of an actual existence experienced by the creator as a merchant of blackberries when he was a multi year old youngster. It is told from a first people viewpoint in order to articulate the degree of Closeness to the account comparative with the artist. In this paper, Iââ¬â¢ll give a short examination of my Musings on the sonnet and its viability as a masterful writing. In describing the nostalgiac setting of summer, while functioning as a berry picker Furthermore, dealer, the creator endeavors paint a picture of the enthusiastic and arousing complexities loaded through a normal day in the city: ââ¬Å"Although I could smell old lime-shrouded History, at ten Iââ¬â¢d still hold out my hands and berries fell into them. Eating from one and filling a half gallon with the other. ââ¬Å" (MLM , Komunyakaa, ââ¬Å"Blackberriesâ⬠PPG 147-148) . Through his depiction in enumerating the work of picking berries and being tested not to eat them, he grandstands a contention that heââ¬â¢s unmistakably been confronted with, even with hisâ duty. This contention is later insinuated, from an increasingly obscene purpose of viewâ later in the piece. At the point when the creator positââ¬â¢s his aura much further, he proceeds to state: ââ¬Å"I ate the folklore longed for pies and shoemaker, almostâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ (MLM, Komunyakaa, ââ¬Å"Blackberriesâ⬠PPG 147- 148). It appears with this announcement the creator is inferring that he is ruined. At the point when he utilizes the recollections of his neediness as a youngster in his portrayals, it gives the sonnet a very melancholic tone; one of compassion, even. Even however, in relating nowadays of hardship, he despite everything finds the wistfulness of being with his canine and among natureââ¬â¢s components. : ââ¬Å"Needful as pardoning. My fledgling canine Spot. Looked at blue jays thrashers. The mud frogs in rich darkness, avoided daylight.â⬠(MLM, Komunyakaa, ââ¬Å"Blackberriesâ⬠PPG 147-148) . To adjust the contention with a yearning to be in less complex occasions, with an association with the creatures and nature, gives the piece a truly necessary lighter touch. As the sonnet slows down, the creator traverses the sonnet from the earliest starting point of his days excursion to a point where he reviews the bait of cooling as opposed to the apparently unnecessary warmth of the day. : ââ¬Å"The huge blue vehicle made me sweat. Wintertime slithered out of the windows. At the point when I inclined nearer I saw the kid and young lady my age, in the wide rearward sitting arrangement smirking..â⬠(MLM, Komunyakaa, ââ¬Å"Blackberriesâ⬠PPG.147-148) The setting in him portraying this perception was negative, as I would see it. All through the sonnet the creator has found some kind of harmony in developing minutes throughout his life that would some way or another be forgettable to any other individual, and finding the magnificence in those very minutes that made the experience beneficial. In general, ââ¬Å"Blackberriesâ⬠, by Yusef Komunyakaa is a short, personal story essential to the creators experience as a devastated kid. The sonnet starts as workmanââ¬â¢s like portrayal of a product he was by all accounts troubled, yet fascinated by. In specifying greetings significant metaphorical gratefulness for the organic product, he appears challenge to accommodate his wants with his obligation as a worker and a supplier. However, in reviewing his recollections, he composes with such a clearness and quality in his depictions, that a few unappealing minutes, were lovely in their honorability. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-23140322578632749672020-08-21T22:16:00.001-07:002020-08-21T22:16:10.361-07:00Role of the Teacher in Obesity PreventionJob of the Teacher in Obesity Prevention Presentation Obesity is a wellbeing condition that influences an individual making them put on a ton of weight and weight and in this manner causing a wellbeing hazard in the person because of related wellbeing suggestions. Research has demonstrated that the danger of heftiness has kept on expanding particularly for the more youthful age in the society.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Role of the Teacher in Obesity Prevention explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to the administration measurements and past examines, 61.4% of the Australian populace is either stout or overweight, a point that raises a ton of worry about the wellbeing status of the populace in Australia. Additionally, as per the Medical Journal of Australia, the pace of event of weight has expanded to in excess of a twofold in the previous decade. This data is additionally near the information for the USA and the UK (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2008). It has been n oticed that there is a huge connection between's the event of stoutness and way of life, particularly dietary patterns and physical exercises. With the general public diminishing its fixation from pledge to physical exercises, it has become a significant issue for some to participate in the exercises that would help in guaranteeing solid living. This has been disturbed by the way that there has been a development of a perilous pattern in dietary patterns where the vast majority have embraced the way of life of eating prepared nourishments and low quality nourishments which are brimming with fats, synthetic compounds and different dangerous segments. This has come about to an adjustment in the development of solid bodies and thus numerous individuals have gotten overweight and in outrageous cases, fat (Sharma, 2011). Stoutness and overweight are conditions that outcome to a high danger of wellbeing intricacies, for example, the casualty being influenced by type 2 diabetes, cardiovasc ular illnesses, hypertension, physical distortion among other medical issues. With these dangers being prominent, there is a requirement for everybody to invest energy in attempting to forestall the condition, and in places where it predominant, to deal with the condition (Robinson, 2001). This examination tries to recognize how the general public, particularly instructors who collaborate the most with the small kids, might be engaged with avoidance or the board of the condition (Danielzik, Pust, Landsberg Muller, 2005).Advertising Looking for paper on wellbeing medication? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Importance of Physical Activity The gathering that the investigation considered establishes of the youngsters in the network extending from 5 to 17 years old. Research has indicated that around one in each four kids in Australia is either hefty or overweight, with corpulence taking the bigger rate. The issue is that when t he condition creates at this beginning period, it is difficult to fix or oversee it later on henceforth it stays to be a wellbeing danger for the person in question. Notwithstanding, inquire about has likewise indicated that the state of weight is best preventable and reparable at this beginning period since most fat individuals become corpulent at this age interim and thus forestalling this pattern would have practically long haul results aside from in outrageous circumstances of dangerous way of life (Hawks Gast, 2000). One of the most dependable and compelling techniques to forestall or oversee weight is through inclusion in physical exercises particularly at the early age. In anticipation of corpulence, physical exercises guarantee that an individual uses a great deal of vitality that is infused into the body while eating, a factor that guarantees that there is no overabundance vitality going unutilized and which would somehow be put away in the body as fats. Through association in adequate nature of physical exercises, an individual can check their weight consequently maintaining a strategic distance from events of heftiness or in any event, getting overweight. Furthermore, physical exercises guarantee that an individual stays new because of legitimate course of blood thus having the option to use vitality from the food taken through physical exercises as well as through the cerebrum (Piran, 1998). Through participating in physical exercises, those that as of now are large might have the option to deal with their condition and even with a great deal of order have the option to destroy their circumstance. This is chiefly conceivable because of the way that during physical exercises, put away fats are separated to shape vitality which is then used in the action. Consequently, for somebody with corpulence, it is conceivable to bit by bit guarantee that the put away fats under the skin are separated into vitality henceforth helping the patient recoup from the condition.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Role of the Teacher in Obesity Prevention explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, in circumstances where the condition is difficult to treat, physical exercises may help in guaranteeing that over the top fats are separated in order to stay away from them from getting kept under the skin, a factor that may guarantee avoidance of other related infections and conditions in this manner guaranteeing that the weight doesn't represent a wellbeing danger to its casualty (McDevitt Ormrod, 2010). Teacherââ¬â¢s Role in Obesity avoidance and the executives The instructor is the individual who invests a large portion of the energy with a kid during the period somewhere in the range of 5 and 17 years. The educator consequently watches a great deal of the progressions that occur in the youngster both truly and intellectually (Robinson, 2001). The instructor in this manner has the job of guaranteeing that he te nds to all the issues associated with the correct and solid development of the kid in order to guarantee that the kid experiences childhood in the normal way. The educator may hence have the option to distinguish the chance of beginning of stoutness in as kid particularly because of its weight gain and moderate mental turn of events. This might be a valid statement at which to respond through taking part in preventive measures in order to conquer the likelihood of the youngster getting hefty. Inclusion in physical exercises just as an adjustment in dietary patterns may likewise be useful (Meyers, Sampson, Weitzman, Rogers, Kayne, 1989). The instructor is at a decent situation to set time for the kid to guarantee discipline in participating in physical exercises. This might be done through incorporating learning with co-educational program exercises with an equivalent accentuation on their significance to such an extent that kids would not see the physical exercises as discretionary yet rather as a component of the learning procedure. On the opposite side, the educator is at a decent situation to have the option to control the dietary piece of the childââ¬â¢s dietary patterns in order to guarantee that however much as could reasonably be expected the youngster takes sound dinners that would decrease the danger of getting corpulent. Methods of tending to and forestalling Obesity The educator might have the option to attempt a ton of exercises in order to help oversee and even forestall weight in youngsters. In the first place, the instructor might have the option to utilize their position to control the dietary patterns of the children.Advertising Searching for article on wellbeing medication? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Through underscoring on sound living advertisement however much as could be expected guaranteeing the youngsters don't take garbage and prepared nourishments, the educator might have the option to enable the kid to diminish the likelihood of getting fat and for the fat ones, deal with the condition and stay under the radar where the danger of related ailments and conditions is at its most minimal. The instructor henceforth might have the option to settle on choices on the sort of food segments tom remember for the suppers offered in the school while likewise teaching the youngster on appropriate dynamic and awareness in order to guarantee they have a decent and solid decision for nourishments and refreshments taken outside the school program (McDevitt Ormrod, 2010). The instructor may likewise be engaged with plan of an organized school wellbeing program (CSHP) which might be planned for tending to the principle parts of life that may are related to solid development including physic al wellbeing, arrangement of physical, wholesome and wellbeing training, advancement of emotional wellness through directing meetings just as association in exercises completed at the family and network level. Every one of these exercises might have the option to draw in the youngster in a way that forestalls or oversee corpulence (Meyers, Sampson, Weitzman, Rogers, Kayne, 1989). The instructor has the command to detail and survey the various approaches embraced by the school concerning sound development of a youngster. In situations where the school has laid more spotlight and accentuation on learning and ignored sound physical development advancement exercises, the instructor may intercede to help guarantee that there is an equalization in all parts of life so with respect to the youngster to grow up as an overall solid individual and all the more so lessen the likelihood of getting stout (Kropski, Keckley Jensen, 2008). Through arrangement of sustenance considers, the educator mi ght have the option to impact the choices of the youngster according to their choices relating to the sort of food they eat and furthermore the physical exercises they take part in to diminish cases of corpulence. References Australian Bureau of Statistics (2008). National Health Survey 2007-08. Melbourne: ABS. Danielzik, S., Pust, S., Landsberg, B. what's more, Muller, J. (2005). ââ¬Å"First exercises from the Kiel Obesity Prevention Study (KOPS),â⬠International Journal of Obesity, 29(2) :78ââ¬83. Falcons, R. what's more, Gast, J. (2000). ââ¬Å"The morals of advancing weight loss,â⬠Healthy Weight, 14(1): 25-26. Kropski, A., Keckley, H. furthermore, Jensen G. (2008). ââ¬Å"School-based weight avoidance programs: a proof based review,â⬠Obesity, 16(5):1009-18. McDevitt M. furthermore, Ormrod, J. (2010). Kid Development And Education (fourth ed). Melbourne: Pearson. Meyers, A., Sampson, E., Weitzman, M., Rogers, L. what's more, Kayne, H. (1989). ââ¬Å"School Bre akfast Program and School Perfo Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-42286129866873478972020-07-07T06:13:00.001-07:002020-07-07T06:13:03.376-07:00The Struggle between Good and Evil in Doctor Faustus - Literature Essay Samples In Doctor Faustus, good and evil are presented as two polarized ideas: God and Heaven on one side, and Lucifer and Hell on the other. Contrasting representations of this division also appear, such as the old man and the Good Angel opposed to Mephistopheles and the Bad Angel. Initially, this struggle between good and evil is Faustus major internal conflict as he is deciding whether to make the blood bond. However, by the time Faustus views the seven deadly sins, evil persists as the dominant force and is the path that Faustus follows to his final damnation. The struggle between good and evil begins with Faustus divided conscience. The Good and Bad Angels represent the conflict between his devotion to knowledge and his longing for power. They most blatantly exemplify the traits of good versus evil when the Good Angel tells Faustus to think of heaven and heavenly things (2.1.20) while the Bad Angel tells Faustus to think of honor and wealth (2.1.21). However, at the end of the pl ay, the Good Angel and the Bad Angel no longer appear. This absence represents Faustus commitment towards evil, symbolized through the blood bond. No longer does he reminisce about turning to God, nor does he lament the path he has chosen until the end. Rather, he resorts to a wasteful use of his powers through playing pranks and satisfying royalty, such as his tricks on the Pope and the conjuring of Alexander the Great.The most important part of the good versus evil conflict occurs at Faustus turning point from good to evil. The dilemma between which paths to follow has settled towards evil by the time the seven deadly sins are paraded in front of him. Before this event, Faustus has good intentions. For example, he promises that he will fill the public schools with silk, wherewith the students shall be bravely clad (1.1.90-91). He is persistent in his search for knowledge even though he is naÃÆ'à ¯ve about the eternal torment that awaits him in hell. Faustus is even repul sed enough by the physical manifestation of evil that he asks Mephistopheles to change his appearance. He commands the devil to, Go, and return an old Franciscan friar; That holy shape becomes a devil best (1.3.25-6). Faustus cannot bear to see the reality of hell; rather, he misinterprets it to be less evil that it actually is and even nonexistent at times. This blissful innocence can be seen in his succinct reply that hell is a myth immediately after Mephistopheles terrifying description of hell. However, after making a blood bond with Mephistopheles, Faustus delights in the seven deadly sins, even when seeing them firsthand. He describes his anticipation to Lucifer: That sight will be as pleasant to me as Paradise was to Adam the first day of his creation (2.3.103-4). In comparison to his disgusted reaction towards Mephistopheles devil figure, his acceptance of evil has become evident here and will later free him from his initial claims of benevolent aspirations, demonstra ted with his later pranks and frivolous feats. Three main factors contribute to this change of nature from good to evil after the presentation of the sins. One of these is that the forbidden, ultimate knowledge which he so desires at the beginning of the play is revealed to him as being elementary and redundant. In reply to Mephistopheles answers on astronomy, Faustus says, Tush, these slender trifles Wagner can decide. Hath Mephistopheles no greater skill? Tush, these are freshmens suppositions (2.3.49-50, 55). The strongest blow may occur when he is denied the knowledge of the worlds origin. At this point, Faustus cries out in distress for his soul to be saved but is denied salvation. As a result, he realizes that his contract with the devil is irreversible.This awareness of damnation becomes the second main contributor towards his acceptance of evil. In the middle of Faustus plea to Christ, Lucifer appears and destroys any hope for repentance by stating that Christ canno t save thy soul for he is just. Theres none but I have interest in the same (2.3.81-82). After this crucial moment, Faustus believes that no matter how hard he tries to repent, he has already sinned once and is thus permanently damned to eternal hell. Believing he cannot be saved, he tries to drown his pending damnation through pranks. For example, after having fooled the horse dealer, he laments that he is simply a man destined to die soon. His only consolation is in confound[ing] these passions with a quiet sleep (4.1.135). All of the practical jokes and feats that he performs serve merely as distractions to purge his mind from thoughts of repenting, as he knows he has chosen the path of evil.One event that clearly shows his conformance with evil is his insistence for Helen near the end of the play. Remarkably, he openly acknowledges that he is guilty of one of the deadly sins, the only time that he does so. By demanding Mephistopheles to let [him] crave of thee, to glut t he longing of [his] hearts desire (5.1.80), he is clearly aware of the path he is taking, yet proceeds to commit the evil deed. Irrelevant now is whether he can be saved as he has willingly submitted to evil. Faustus tells Helen to make [him] immortal with a kiss (5.1.92) and exclaims how her lips suck forth [his] soul (5.1.93). The immortality that he is asking for is rather the eternal torment of hell, and it is possible that he sees how evil his soul has become. Furthermore, his first thought after his evil act is to ask Helen to give him his soul again. Thus, this realization of his irreversible damnation liberates him from any responsibilities to do good and encourages him to commit sin repeatedly. The third influence that plays a part in Faustus turning towards evil is from the overwhelming presence of evil compared to good. Oddly enough, God does not appear throughout the play, while Lucifer and Mephistopheles consistently arrive at critical moments of Faustus doubts. The presence of the devils is important as it prevents Faustus, who initially regrets his decision, from renouncing their contract. For example, as Faustus contemplates repentance, Mephistopheles appears and threatens to tear Faustus to pieces. There is no reply from God nor is there any other counter to this evil. The closest influence we have to rival the powerful impact of evil is that of the Good Angel and the Old Man. Both are helpless at affecting Faustus conscience. The Good Angel asks Faustus to repent, to which he responds by immediately cast[ing] no more doubts (2.1.26) in favor of signing the contract. The Old Man is condemned to torment with [the] greatest torments that our hell affords (5.1.77). Thus, calls for evil drastically outweigh any appeals for good, primarily because God does not exert any direct influence.Faustus is torn between good and evil as he decides to exchange eternal life for power. This conflict quickly changes after he makes the blood bond a nd mocks the seven deadly sins. Even when given the choice for good, Faustus continually accepts evil as he is convinced of his immutable damnation. Perhaps it is not really a conflict of choice for Faustus, but rather an inevitable demise towards evil. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-34454091306425956692020-05-19T18:36:00.001-07:002020-05-19T18:36:05.399-07:00Ways in which Blake Uses Images of Animals and Plants Essay Ways in which Blake Uses Images of Animals and Plants William Blake was born in 1757 in London and died in 1827. His most famous works are called Songs of innocence and Songs of experience. Songs of innocence written in (1789) were easy to understand, very simple vocabulary, simple verses, with ideal, happy and pastoral locations. In Contrast Songs of experience written in (1794), had more difficult ideas and vocabulary, with negative views, which where realistic and sad. In this essay I will be studying how Blake uses animals, plants and the natural world to create pictures for the reader of what he thought life was like in eighteenth century England. I will be comparing, ââ¬Å"The Echoing Greenâ⬠, ââ¬Å"The Garden of Loveâ⬠andâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦This creates an opening picture for the reader and places them right into the poem itself, which is a very good technique adapted by Blake to attract attention towards the poem, also which has been used in number of Blakeââ¬â¢s poems. Some examples of this technique are, ââ¬Å"Skies,â⬠which shows that the sky must be blue, as it has been used in this context, hinting towards the fact that itââ¬â¢s sunny and hot. Also we have ââ¬Å"springâ⬠as another example that backs up my previous point of the location being sunny as the season that is currently running is ââ¬Å"springâ⬠. ââ¬Å"Birds,â⬠show that there are not just people there but also animal life forms that give the location a natural and more rural feel. Lastly moving on to a quote which is also used within the title, ââ¬Å"Echoing Green.â⬠this quote constantly reminds the reader that the is masses of green around, almost as if it was ââ¬Å"echoingâ⬠to you. Furthermore this is a very vital time of the year as it is the time of new life and new flowers, this is the time when the birds start to chirp, and then the flowers start to blossom. Also this is more the reason why this poem has been included in the innocence section, as it shows time of joy and happiness. These are all from the first stanza, which already creates a pastoral scene. The first stanza has an AABBCCDD rhyme scheme, or also known as rhyming couplets. This type of rhyming poetry wasShow MoreRelated Using Animals Symbolically by Using Poetic Devices Essay627 Words à |à 3 PagesUsing Animals Symbolically by Using Poetic Devices I will be discussing the ways in which the poets use animals symbolically by using poetic devices. The three poems that I have chosen are ââ¬Å"The Tygerâ⬠by William Blake, ââ¬Å"The Eagleâ⬠by Alfred, Lord Tennyson. Lastly, Pied Beauty by Gerard Manley Hopkins. Alfred Lord Tennyson has used an image of an eagle to give the reader an image of a man standing on a cliff top waiting for his world to fall around him. He is in a desolate area; there isRead More Blakes Portrayal of Creation in Songs of Innocence and Experience1890 Words à |à 8 PagesIn Jerusalem, Blake famously asserted that I will not reason and compare: my business is to create. This quote highlights the fact that Blake himself was participating in an inventive process. Northrop Frye commented that man in his creative acts and perceptions is God, and God is man? mans creativity is, for Blake, the manifestation of the divine. The Songs of Innocence and Experience deal with life and the move, in particular, from youth to age. Creation is an extremely important aspectRead MoreAdaptive Leadership1550 Words à |à 6 Pagesan adaptive leader. Adaptive Leadership in an organization is a practical leadership framework that helps organizations and the management to adapt and succeed in environments that are challenging. It is the gradual and meaningful process through which an individual and the collective organization body ada pt to the changes and the challenges. It helps in the diagnosis of the essential and the disposable and hence bringing about practical challenge to the status quo (Cambridge Leadership AssociationRead MoreShould We Put The Eat2001 Words à |à 9 PagesShould We Put the Eat in Meat All over the world, people sit down to a meal which, for the vast majority, includes beef, pork or chicken. It is not too often these days that the consumer considers the life of the animal in which they are eating; or to even associate the slab of beef on oneââ¬â¢s plate with an actual cow that lives, breaths and feels. When one hears cow, picturesque images of luscious green fields with spotted cows mooing and grazing peacefully fill your mind; and this is how much ofRead MoreThe Search For Extraterrestrial Life2500 Words à |à 10 Pagesoccurs with light absorbing proteins in plant life by way of photosynthesis (Choi, 2014). This process of photosynthesis is one of the most important energy capturing processes on Earth, as plants directly absorb photons of radiant light from our Sun, producing oxygen, and food sources for more complex life forms (Jones, 2003). In order for an extraterrestrial world to harbor life, scientists have concluded that this source of energy must be p resent, by way of a star, or other source of radiatingRead MoreAnalysis Of A Midsummer Night s Dream 1915 Words à |à 8 PagesShakespeareââ¬â¢s play, ââ¬ËA Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dreamââ¬â¢, explores this concept, particularly through the use of Puck. In agreement to Harold Bloomââ¬â¢s statement, the following essay will analyse how Puck is significant because, by being so disparate, he is able to show the limitations of the human. This will be done through, first, exploring a definition of the human in relation to the supernatural. Subsequently, the essay will use a Freudian lense to analyse the morality of Puck and, lastly, the essay will focus onRead MoreScience Of Improving A Human Population3058 Words à |à 13 PagesInstitute to John D. Rockefeller. It was studied in prominent institutions such as Harvard and Cornell, and it laid the groundwork for the Nazis and the Ku Klux Klan. Intelligence testing was used as a criteria to enforce the eugenics movement in which thousands of individuals were sterilized for being ââ¬Å"feeble minded.â⬠The Nature/Nurture Debate in Intelligence The debate surrounding the heritability of intelligence is one that has been going on for centuries starting with Sir Francis Galton in 1869Read MoreChanel Handbags, Target, and Salvation Army Swot Analysis13115 Words à |à 53 Pageshandbag; whether it is for storing car keys and a wallet or to match an outfit. Every year, handbags are becoming more of a status symbol then a basic essential. This paper will investigate the marketing trends of three different quality grade handbags, which are marketed to three distinct target markets. The first handbags discussed will be high quality handbag, Coco Chanel brand, second is Target brand, Massimo, handbag, and lastly are handbags found at the local Salvation Army. The Salvation Army handbagsRead MorePersonal Development as Strategic Manager18363 Words à |à 74 Pagessuccessfully rectifies the shortcomings, the student will pass the module and progress. If not, the student will fail and be required to redo all of the module assessments . Results â⬠¢ At the end of each term you will have assessments, feedback for which you will get at the beginning of following term. At the end of every level the Universityââ¬â¢s Progression Board meets to finalise the results of both semesters of that level. You will receive a transcript of these marks at the beginning of next termRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words à |à 385 PagesThe ââ¬Ëfull storyââ¬â¢ that follows this summary gives you considerable detail about how to go about a case analysis, but for now here is a brief account. Before we start, a word about attitude ââ¬â make it a real exercise. You have a set of historical facts; use a rigorous system to work out what strategies should be followed. All the cases are about real companies, and one of the entertaining bits of the analysis process is to compare what you have said they should do with what they really have done. So, it Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-90898736426825347112020-05-06T22:26:00.001-07:002020-05-06T22:26:10.218-07:00Examples Of 1984 By George Orwell - 971 Words There are parallels between many pieces of literature and events or principles within modern day society, fact and fiction. Between some, it is significant and easy to see, though others it is harder to describe or analyze. An example of such parallels would be the high end satiristic novel written by George Orwell 1984. From the communistic entity, the forced working ability, and economic lead by a man who takes on the persona of god; this short novel represents the american culture and many cultures or what they can or will become. This story is a warning of what human beings are, at the highest dystopian standpoint. In introduction, The foresight behind George Orwellââ¬â¢s book ââ¬Ë1984ââ¬â¢ was remarkable. Written in 1949, it was claimed as aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦World wars were erased from history, major inventions and other moments of success, were gone. As Churchill once said, ââ¬Å"History will be kind to me for I intend to write it.â⬠Asking a group of American university students when the Declaration of Independence was written and the majority will not have a clue or asking them who Thomas Jefferson was and many wonââ¬â¢t know. This is by design; explaining that modern education is focused more on feelings and the various ââ¬Ëgendersââ¬â¢ than it is the history of the country. Though history is always repeating itself, it is ignored or weakly taught in the public education system. This creates an easily manipulated and dependent society. Relating to reality, in Orwellââ¬â¢s ââ¬Ë1984ââ¬â¢, it was not acceptable to have sex for pleasure, to eat chocolate or have an alcoholic beverage of high quality. This was intended to keep people from seeking out lifeââ¬â¢s pleasures and possibly losing interest, and loyalty, in Big Brother. Looking at things today, we have ââ¬Ësin taxesââ¬â¢. We are forced to pay a penalty for purchasing alcohol, tobacco and for putting gas in our vehicles (carbon tax). We are made to feel guilty for the damage we have apparently put on the earth for trying to get to and from work each day; even the size of soda drinks are regulated in some places. Food and energy were rationed as well because, as in all communist nations, there wasnââ¬â¢t much to go around. While the government would lie to its citizens and attempt to makeShow MoreRelated1984 by George Orwell Essay example2090 Words à |à 9 Pages1984 by George Orwell Some readers have felt that, even allowing for the bleakness of the times in which he lived, Orwellââ¬â¢s vision in Nineteen Eighty Four is excessively grim and pessimistic. Explore various aspects of the novel from this perspective, explaining how far you would agree with such a view. Orwellââ¬â¢s views throughout ââ¬Ë1984ââ¬â¢ are grim and pessimistic inRead More1984 a Novel by George Orwell Essay example905 Words à |à 4 PagesIn the novel 1984, by George Orwell, the thematic element of control is clearly portrayed through a variety of perspectives such as newspeak, telescreens, thoughtcrime, or in other words psychological, and physical manipulation. Firstly, telescreens play a very imperative role in 1984. The party use telescreens mainly for monitoring all members. Microphones are also hidden all across the city for an even better atmosphere of supervision. The party controls the telescreen by broadcasting propagandaRead MoreInfluences on George Orwell: Who is Watching Whom?1204 Words à |à 5 PagesGeorge Orwell once said, ââ¬Å"In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act.â⬠Orwell understood that telling the truth was an anomaly. He lived in a world full of lies and hatred. Consequently, George Orwell wanted to show people the real dangers of a totalitarian government, and he wrote two political novels that warn people of those dangers. These novels are still respected today, as some believe the world is turning into the ââ¬Å"Orwellianâ⬠society he created in his mostRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s The Great Gatsby 1285 Words à |à 6 PagesMr.Booth Period 6 English 12/3/14 Author Study of George Orwell George Orwell was a literary tactician who won two major awards because of hia advanced and intriguing use of propaganda. At first glance, his books appear to be stories about animals, however, they contain much deeper and influential meanings. Orwell is most recognized for his portrayal of dystopian societies and how they parallel present society. Through intense allegories, Orwell unintentionally crafted novels that are applicableRead More1984 Argument1249 Words à |à 5 PagesGeorge Orwellââ¬â¢s book 1984 is a very interesting novel. The novel is set up in Airstrip One. In George Orwellââ¬â¢s book 1984 it has many situations. One of the many situations are that some people refer society as ââ¬Å"Orwellian.â⬠What does Orwellian mean? Orwellian means, of or related to the works of George Orwell ( especially his picture of his future totalitarian state.) People believe that Orwell is realistic and say his work part of our society now. George Orwell was a writer in t he twentieth centuryRead MoreThe Works of George Orwell1347 Words à |à 5 PagesGeorge Orwell How did George Orwell, an author who died over 50 years ago, suddenly rocket to the top of the best sellers list? George Orwell was able to show peoples all over the world about dangers that not only pertained to people of his time period but to multitudes of future generations. He used his literary knowledge to write books that were incredible influential in both their literary skill and the message they portrayed. George Orwell greatly influenced British society through his literaryRead MoreEssay on Societyââ¬â¢s Influence on 1984 and George Orwell1391 Words à |à 6 PagesSocietyââ¬â¢s Influence on 1984 and George Orwell To say I accept in an age like our own is to say that you accept concentration-camps, rubber truncheons, Hitler, Stalin, bombs, aeroplanes, tinned food, machine guns, putsches, purges, slogans, Bedaux belts, gas-masks, submarines, spies, provocateurs, press-censorship, secret prisons, aspirins, Hollywood films and political murder (Bookshelf I). Politics, society, economy, and war during the forties had a direct impact on life at the timeRead MoreThe Dystopian Novel, By George Orwell, And Andrew Niccol s `` Harrison Bergeron ``1222 Words à |à 5 Pagesfreedom is slavery, Ignorance is strength (Orwell 7) this is one of the very many slogans that were used to control society in George Orwell s piece 1984. Dystopian literature is a futuristic universe that is oppressive and uses bureaucratic, totalitarian, and/or technological control to control society. In Orwell s Dystopian book 1984, Kurt Vonnegut, Jr s short story Harrison Bergeron, and Andrew Niccol s film In time, there are many examples of a Dystopia is that contain a lot of comparisonsRead MoreLiterary Context Of Dystopian Literature1746 Words à |à 7 PagesZamyatinââ¬â¢s We, published in 1920 or even Aldous Huxleyââ¬â¢s Brave New World, published in 1932. However, it is in George Orwellââ¬â¢s 1984 that a truly horrific dystopian world is portrayed. Full o f torture, misery, fear and repression, Orwell manages to manipulate and distort the idea of utopia and instead creates a place in which humans have no control over their own lives. The part of 1984, which is so compelling and interesting, is the fact that the people are living in a dystopian world without evenRead MoreAnalysis Of 1984768 Words à |à 4 PagesChloe Gould Ms. Melnychenko English 1/F 12 October 2017 George Orwells vision coming to life The world today is becoming a 21st century 1984. 1984 by George Orwell foreshadows similarity between technology, safety, and language in todays world as well as in the picture of 1984ââ¬â¢ society. The made up idea of telescreens, memory holes, different language, and safety probation have become to simmare to the present world. In Orwells work conclusions can be drawn that he definitely was pointing Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-34684969111286774132020-05-06T06:48:00.001-07:002020-05-06T06:48:33.465-07:00Products Safety Requirements of Woolworths-Samples for Students Question: Find out the aspects Woolworths has included in the products safety requirements. Answer Background to the problem Woolworths is the largest retail industry in Australia and second largest organization in terms of annual revenue (Woolworths.com.au, 2017). In recent times, the concerned organization operates in over 1000 stores, 968 supermarkets and 19 convenience stores across Australia (Woolworths.com.au, 2017). Total of 111,000 employees are currently working under Woolworths and the organization is liable for earning annual revenue of AUS$ 39,588.8 million (Wow2016ar.qreports.com.au, 2017). The problem statement of this research will highlight the issue of the product safety at Woolworths that seem to be breached by Woolworths. The company has formulated some product safety requirements based on Australian Consumer Law (Woolworths.com.au, 2017). They also have a checking security process of clear and defined products approval that comprises of factory auditing, product testing and inspection of the products. The issue is that in spite of all these policies, the concerned organization made fals e or misleading representations on the safety aspects on their three products- Abode 3L Stainless Steel Deep-Fryer, Homebrand Safety Matches and Woolworths Select Drain Cleaner (ABC News, 2017). The issue was reported in the year 2016, when one of the customer suffered a nose bleed and burns from the product Select Drain Cleaner and three other customers burned by the drain cleaner (Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, 2017). Apart from the mentioned 3 products, injuries are also reported from other two products that are padded flop chair and a folding stool (Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, 2017). It was found that the padded chair could not reliably support more than 92kg and they claim that the product can bear the weight of 115kg (Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, 2017). The first case of making false or misleading representations was found in the year 2014 against some home-brand products like- child-proof lid and self-igniting safety mat ches. However, the company continued to sell the faulty products even after injury reports. The Australian Consumer Law have found that Woolworths engaged in misleading and deceptive conduct and thus the organization have to pay total penalties of $3.057 million for the issue occurred in 2016 (Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, 2017). This results in poor brand image and loss of customers loyalty and annual profitability. Thus, the issues that will be the major research aspects are: The gap between the existing product safety requirement policies developed by the organization and their actions Misleading products information that impacts the customers health and their loyalty towards the organization Management decision How can Woolworths re-build brand loyalty for their home products? How can the organization improve their products safety regulation to avoid such circumstances in future? Research question What are the factors that influence brand loyalty? What are the essential factors that can enhance the effectiveness of the existing products safety requirements? Research Objectives To find out the aspects the Woolworths has included in the products safety requirements To evaluate the effectiveness of these products safety requirements To explore the impact of false safety guidelines on organizations image and customer loyalty To identify the factors that can help Woolworths to improve their brand loyalty Reference List ABC News. (2017). Woolworths ordered to pay $3m over product safety concerns. [online] Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-02-05/woolworths-ordered-to-pay-3m-over-product-safety-case/7144442 [Accessed 13 Aug. 2017]. Australian Competition and Consumer Commission. (2017). Woolworths misled consumers over product safety hazards Ordered to pay over $3 million in penalties. [online] Available at: https://www.accc.gov.au/media-release/woolworths-misled-consumers-over-product-safety-hazards-%E2%80%93-ordered-to-pay-over-3-million-in-penalties [Accessed 13 Aug. 2017]. Woolworths.com.au. (2017). Shop-Discover-About-us-Product-safety. [online] Available at: https://www.woolworths.com.au/Shop/Discover/about-us/product-safety [Accessed 13 Aug. 2017]. Wow2016ar.qreports.com.au. (2017). Woolworths Resource Report. [online] Available at: https://wow2016ar.qreports.com.au/xresources/wow16ar-financial-report [Accessed 13 Aug. 2017] Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-19301180638505730432020-04-21T23:59:00.001-07:002020-04-21T23:59:02.267-07:00Successful Supply Chain The supply of an organization depends on the facilities for economical yet efficient production and distribution. The organization can keep production and distribution costs minimal by carefully selecting the raw materials and the suppliers. Managing the supplier offers velocity, flexibility and, quality at the lowest costs possible. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Successful Supply Chain specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The main reason of working around reasonable costs is to ensure satisfaction of the customer at all times, especially during the market fluctuations. The main aim of a supply chain is to offer innovative dimensions of remaining competitive in the market by introduction and delivery of dynamic and technologically high quality inventories into the market at sustainable costs and high swiftness. Management of cost also enables the organizations to build a vision or goal by recognizing the performance break and thus narrowing the gap through utilization of available resources. Successful supply chain means that the consumer is not kept waiting after ordering and this is achievable via proper balancing of resources to meet the demands (Wang et al, 64). According to Wisner (478), the current economical crisis means that these are un-standardized times, which require critical but quick decisions regarding trade especially on money matters. Today there is need for careful management considering that technology is taking over transactions by storm and there is need to convert the physical elements of transactions to virtual ones to enhance trade at the lowest feasible costs. The costs need management because currently there is urgent need for firms to invest in hi-tech information and goods transfer due to low investments rates and poor international transactions. Economic crisis means low investment rates thus the need to invest the available resources smartly. Globaliz ation of the supply chains is becoming crucial because of the reduction on the procurement costs as well as decreases on the risks of international transactions such as purchasing behaviours. The technological impact is forcing businesses to consider outsourcing or venturing into countries that are more productive. For instance, India was a rare consideration to venture into some years back but today their advancement in technological matters makes most transactions easier, faster and cheaper over some of the U.S. and other western countries. Today globalization enables supply-chain firms to bid for the cheaper but best quality options through comparison. Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Competition requires better establishment, new ventures and proper marketing strategies thus the quests for globalization. Globalization means change for growth and that is the asp iration for every firm (Ayers and Odegaard, 88). Lastly some of the market niche are only attainable globally for instance the vehicle manufacturing industries that require global supplies. Some of the repercussions for this trend involve higher overall costs in comparison to the traditional style of regional or remote supply chains. According to Coyle (7), the exchange rates, tariffs, and space are some of the extra costs incurred during the international transactions. The time factor due to regional differences may affects the transactions beside the climatic conditions. A lot of complexity is usually involved when there are many global suppliers, thus the needs to consider the number to involve. The lowest prices in the global markets may mean more costs if a firm lacks to consider other related factors such as time, quality and quantity. In relation to Lambert (91), companies use various methods for demand forecasting of supply chains, such as graphical, historical or statistic al. Graphically there are many difficulties involved in modelling outputs, especially when the chains are many but on the other hand, it offers clear picture of the reality and chances for expansion through better analysis of hindrances and catalysts. The daily demand shifts call for complex representations. However, it is possible to model systematic and similar graphs even when they call for demanding efforts. The statistical forecasting are more accurate because of defined data types compared to historical, which mainly entail predictions based on past performances. Majority of the methods nevertheless utilizes supply situations that are a rough estimate as opposed to the current states of affairs, thus lack of exact prediction. Forecasting enables firms to learn the procedures of controlling some of the consumerââ¬â¢s systematic shifts such as weekly changes. The shifts are rather much more complicated when the company fails to carry out the observations. Forecasting enable s the management to find the information regarding insufficient supplies, which would otherwise be hard to note thus better trading and accurate timely supplies.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Successful Supply Chain specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Close coordination means that the chains are working as a unit, to alloy uniformity especially over performance and dynamism. The managers are able to avoid heterogeneity within the firm by synchronizing activities. The current technological change calls for intelligent systems and personnel who are able to handle the operations, research and systemââ¬â¢s theories. In a strategy to minimize costs, they harmonize state times, sequences to avoid waiting costs, and retain customers through timely deliveries, especially for the global markets. Coordinated activities enhance the firmââ¬â¢s ability to deliver solutions of the complex problems through integ ration of various aspects from different chain stores. According to Kurtz et al (405), globalization makes the supply chains more complex and, limited but better and more profit oriented. Modulating components enables the manager to design subsystems as modules, which assist in meeting a wide range of business requirements. The production, manufacturing and procurement of components are highly reduced, thus saving resources in material status for future requirements. The joint planning, process integration and coordination reduces the performance cost and offers chances for business expansion to other market niche. There is increase on returns on investments such as assets, improved customer services due to specialization and, reduction on the time required for delivery. Works Cited Ayers, James B. Odegaard, Mary Ann. ââ¬Å"Retail supply chain management: Series on resource management.â⬠CRC Press, 2007 Coyle, John J., Langley, C. John Bardi, Edward J. ââ¬Å"Supply chain m anagement: a logistics perspective.â⬠Cengage Learning publishers. 2009 Kurtz, David L. MacKenzie, H. F. Snow, Kim. ââ¬Å"Contemporary Marketing.â⬠Cengage Learning publishers. 2009Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Lambert, Douglas M. ââ¬Å"Supply chain management: processes, partnerships, performanceâ⬠Supply Chain Management Inst. 2008 Wang, William Y. C, Heng, Michael, S. H. Chau, Patrick Y. K. ââ¬Å"Supply chain management: issues in the new era of collaboration and competition.â⬠Idea Group Inc (IGI) publishers. 2007 Wisner, Joel D., Tan, Keah-Choon., Leong, Keong. G. ââ¬Å"Principles of Supply Chain Management.â⬠Cengage Learning publishers. 2008 This research paper on Successful Supply Chain was written and submitted by user Ronin O. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-23337048908230676552020-03-16T13:18:00.001-07:002020-03-16T13:18:02.279-07:00Teen Pregnancy essaysTeen Pregnancy essays The numbers of teenage pregnancy are very high but when you think about the numbers most could have been prevented with the use of protection. Some people may not afford condoms but if you cannot afford a condom you cannot afford a baby. Children from homes ran by teenage mothers go through a hard time in life. Teenage mothers have no time for other things, because they are busy taking care of their baby. Most teen mothers end up dropping out of high school, because they do not have time for school anymore. They work for low wages to make money and support the child. Some teenagers try to stay in school to have a good image, so that other people in school do not look at them as a pregnant teenager but as just one of them. Most teens that have had sex wish they had waited longer and most teens and adults believe that it is important for teens to be given a strong message from society that they should not have sex until they are at least out of high school. Other teens do what they have to do and give their full support to the child, they stay in school until close the time of their babys delivery date. When teenagers plan to have intercourse, they should think about whether or not they could handle a child in their life. Each year, women around the world experience 75 million unwanted pregnancies. Unwanted pregnancy can happen for two main reasons: either the couple was not using contraception, or the method they were using failed. There are many reasons why people do not use contraception to prevent unwanted pregnancy, including lack of access to family planning information and services; incest or rape; personal or religious beliefs; inadequate knowledge about the risks of pregnancy following unprotected sexual relations; and women's limited decision-making ability with regard to sexual relations and contraceptive use. There are many reasons a woman may not want to have a child at a particular time in he... Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-45653065864446876682020-02-29T03:44:00.001-08:002020-02-29T03:44:02.385-08:00The Effects of Peer to Peer File Sharing on The UK Music EssayThe Effects of Peer to Peer File Sharing on The UK Music - Essay Example The music industry and related associations would not be included in these statistics because research work has shown a great dichotomy (Alejandro, 2005). Experts have been cited as saying that filesharing becomes an illegal activity when copyright material is made available without the permission of the rights holders particularly recording studios in the music industry. In view of this argument, research findings have shown that filesharing involves trading of digital files with other users over the internet causing untold financial suffering to the affected companies and institutions. This act of Peer-to-Peer filesharing has received a widespread adoption and facilitation due to a number of factors. Firstly, the increasing Internet bandwidth and the widespread digitization of physical media files have substantially made home PCs capable of managing digitized audio and video files in a far much better way (Ethan, 2007). This has additionally made it relatively easy to transfer several files from one computer to another across the Internet using various file management networks as observed by Eric (2008). Further observations by Ethan (2007) have revealed that the music industry has repeatedly shown concerns over the potentially devastating impacts of online music sharing. In this regard, the present study has proposed to analyze the effects of p2p f ile sharing on the UK music industry and effectively recommend viable solutions to this heinous act. The first chapter is presented in the sections discussed hereunder. Published works in this area indicate that majority of people across all age groups are currently involved in downloading all forms of information freely from the internet. All sorts of information including copyrighted material are readily made available online by various filesharing websites resulting in adverse financial repercussions to the concerned companies. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-53920866218917968982020-02-12T20:28:00.001-08:002020-02-12T20:28:01.904-08:00Elderly as a vulnerable population Research PaperElderly as a vulnerable population - Research Paper Example Recent reports such as the Health Ombudsmanââ¬â¢s Care and Compassion report and the revelations about care at hospitals in Staffordshire have highlighted shocking examples of failings in NHS and care services. The new guidelines have been produced in collaboration with the Care Quality Commission, ADASS and Royal Colleges of Nurses and GPs as well as frontline staff to develop practical guidance for staff across the NHS. ââ¬Å"This guidance has been developed with staff and stakeholders to ensure they address the day-to-day safeguarding issues facing staff and managers. Small changes like ensuring all staff are aware of the full range of all the safeguarding procedures in place at their organisation can make a real difference to patients.â⬠ââ¬Å"As the professional regulator for nurses and midwives we are committed to strengthening the safeguarding of adults and welcome this new material to further support the professionals who care for them. ââ¬Å"Having contributed to the work of this health advisory group, we are confident these newly published materials will be of interest to a wide range of professionals and will support them in their understanding, practice and decision-making in relation to safeguarding Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-69578950253230079352020-02-01T00:35:00.001-08:002020-02-01T00:35:02.333-08:00The Origin of Old-Earth Geology and its Ramifications for Life in the ArticleThe Origin of Old-Earth Geology and its Ramifications for Life in the 21st Century - Article Example In an attempt to develop an objective basis upon which the age of the universe and that of the earth can be established, Dr. Mortenson draws upon diverse literature mainly geological based. Through his argument, Mortenson convincingly demonstrates the relevance of the genesis geology today, explains the true nature of the 19th century debate with regard to postulations made about the age of the universe, dissects new theories about the history of creation, and examines the perceptions and evidence presented by scriptural geologists. In support of the way in which the credibility of scriptural geologists can be affirmed, Mortenson adds strength to the article through giving several illustrations on how spiritual geologistââ¬â¢s have to be believed by providing examples on how their concern about rejection of early chapters of Genesis has ultimately brought about religious decline of the church and moral decadence of the society especially in the Western countries. On demonstrating the relevance of the early 19th century Genesis-geology debate to today, Mortenson presents his ideas in the most logical way with concision and precision. The author attains this first through providing relevant examples, and finally concluding that scientific truth is not self-explanatory, and that their interpretation is significantly influenced by the philosophical and religious assumptions of the scientist. Mortensonââ¬â¢s dismissal of Lyellââ¬â¢s way of interpreting the rocks through uniformitarianism on the grounds that it does not fit the facts, and erroneously assuming that evidence presented by catastrophism both on a global and a continental scale is becoming increasingly obvious does not in itself present any scientific or even logical basis to be accepted. Therefore, this argument is weak in the sense that the author does not provide a credible basis upon which Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-7907352145450680302020-01-23T20:56:00.001-08:002020-01-23T20:56:02.568-08:00Essay --Societyââ¬â¢s role in criminalizing statutory rape cases play a big part on how people look at the different cases. In society everyone expects for a younger girl to be with an older guy, so people may not see a priority in statutory rape laws. ââ¬Å"Considering that it is customary for women to date and marry slightly older menâ⬠(M.W., 1998). Since it is not abnormal for younger girls and older guys to be together most people do not see an age gap of about three years that big of a deal. But if these people do not report a case of statutory rape then they are technically endangering a minor. Males in society do not see male statutory rape victims as victims. These men look at it as a pat on the back to the young boys who were sexually active with adult women. The men also make comments saying that they wish they could have been in that position when they were young. Some people in todayââ¬â¢s society do not understand the priority of really enforcing statutory rape case s unless there is a huge age difference or the victim was a young girl instead of a boy. The media has a big part in which cases will be recognized. The media tends to show female victims and adult male offenders more than they would male victims and adult female offenders. Female offenders should be broadcasted just as much as the men and should not get privileges just because they are women. Statutory rape laws and child marriage laws greatly clash. According to Cocca, ââ¬Å"of all brides in 1970, 13% were under 18; in 1980, 8.2%, and in 1990 3.7%. Of all grooms 1970 2.1 were under 18; in 1980 1.3% and in 1990 0.6â⬠(Cocca, 2004). Yes over time the percentage of adults and minors getting married has dwindled, but it was not right to go along with in the first place. In some states... ...sibility of being parents when they cannot even legally say yes to sex. Statutory rape laws are far from perfect. Statutory rape laws are discriminating towards boys and biased towards girls. No law should be gender specific especially one that consists of people who are endangering minors. These laws have discriminated boys for over 150 years. The law should be fair to both genders and give boys the voice the need in the cases. Over the years statutory rape cases have gone underreported, mainly because people do not witness the cases themselves. Most of the lost cases involve minor males and older females. Even though some cases have been reported they do not get as much publicity as the cases dealing with young girls and adult men. Boys should get the same amount of protection under the statutory rape laws as girls do; the young men are victims just as girls are. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-46573200207627924412020-01-15T17:19:00.001-08:002020-01-15T17:19:03.085-08:00Brazilian foreign policyThe fact that Brazil is one of the most important emerging nations can not be denied. There is no doubt that this country leads the pack when it comes to economic and political supremacy in the southern part of the American continent. This has been made possible by the desire of this country to become a regional and global power to reckon with. To this end, most of the presidents that have ruled this nation since the end of the military rule in the 1980ââ¬â¢s have come up with foreign policies that can be viewed as assuming an international look while at the same time trying to maintain the sovereignty of this nation.Most notable of these foreign policies is the one that is adopted by the current Brazilian president. When Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva took the helm of this country in 2003, he came up with a foreign policy that seemed to be in contrast in some ways to his predecessorââ¬â¢s. Fernando Henrique Cardosoââ¬â¢s foreign policy, when compared to that of Lula, shows some remarkable differences. Lula has been vocal in opposing the hegemony that is associated with American foreign policies.He tries to create an economic and political system that is independent on the American influence while at the same been recognized by America as an equal, rather than a puppet of the American government. This stance seemed to be criticized when he developed a brief relationship, a close one, with George W. Bush when he came to power in 2002. This may be the reason why his foreign policies have been regarded as been inconsistent. But he maintains a pessimistic view of the globalization phenomenon. He regards it as the tool that is used by the rich nations to stifle and exploit both the poor and the emerging nations.This paper is going to take a critical look at Lulaââ¬â¢s foreign policy. The strong points of his policy will be reviewed, as well as the weaknesses and challenges. Lulaââ¬â¢s Foreign Policy: Assertive? According to Hurrell (51), Lula can be descri bed as having taken a stand on international system that can be described as been mildly interesting. He views this international system with doubt, but goes ahead to say that it is possible for brazil to maintain an ââ¬Å"activist and assertive foreign policyâ⬠(Hurrell 51).Cardosoââ¬â¢s foreign policy was regarded as not been assertive enough. He was once quoted saying that ââ¬Å"creating friction with Washington is to loseâ⬠(Hurrell 53). This administration was not seen as defending the interests of this Latin American nation sufficiently. Lula sought to adapt a different style, aided by his supporters in the Workers Party. Lula emphasized the fact that the instability of the international system coupled by the centralization of powers in few hands was not a recipe for the development and sovereignty of Brazil.He was of the view that United States, together with a handful of allies, held far too much power in the international arena, such that if anything were to happen to them, it will affect most of the worldââ¬â¢s nations negatively (Hurrell 51). He has always pointed to the current economic crisis as an example of how blunders committed by the wealthy nation of the world led to miseries of the poor nations. His disdain for the developed nations was evident when he talked down on Gordon Brown in a press conference in March 2009. He made the quote that made international headlines for days.ââ¬Å"This crisis was caused by whiter people with blue eyes (sic)â⬠¦. they pretended to know all about economicsâ⬠(SkyNews 2009). He said this in front of Gordon brown, one his so called ââ¬Å"white people with blue eyesâ⬠. Apart from showing how much he detested western powers, this statement was a clear indication of the fact that Lula does not fear these greedy westerners. He will stand by what he believes to be the truth, even if it did not go down well with the whites. The only other head of state that can be expected to make su ch a statement is maybe the Muslim leaders. But a president from a reportedly friendly nation to the Americans!Lula contends that the hyped global economy is more injurious than it is beneficial to the emerging nations (Hurrell 52). By this form of trade, the western nations entrench themselves in the world political and economic arena, while crises are created for the poor. A pointer to this is the current economic crisis. There is also a lot of inequality both internally and externally. This is because global trade benefits few individuals inside the local economies and few nations in the international arena. Lulaââ¬â¢s administration has always sought to maintain the autonomy of this nation in the international arena (Hurrell 52).But at the same time, it needs to forge ties with other nations around the world. Lula has concentrated in forming ties with other emerging nations, shunning the western and developed countries (Barriaux 1). This will mitigate the external vulnerabili ties associated with disassociation with the world superpowers. That is why Lula has shunned the North Americanââ¬â¢s Free Trade Area. Instead, he has resorted to strengthening regional cooperation with neighbors like Uruguay, Paraguay and others across the continent like South Africa, china and India (Fitzpatrick 1).Lula has started to give Washington jitters when it became obvious that he was intent in developing Brazilian nuclear technology (Hurrell 52). His administration is engaged in industrial secrets. But at the same time, he is wise enough to maintain friendly relations with the nuclear inspection teams that have been deployed to Brazil. Lulaââ¬â¢s Foreign Policy: Successful? His policies have been hailed by many people as been a success story. This is considering the fact that countries which have tried to defy the western superpowers have fallen by the way side.But Brazil blazes ahead, albeit jerkily, even after defying America Washington and London. But still, some critics have been opining that Lulaââ¬â¢s foreign policy is inconsistent. But maybe, the consistency of Lulaââ¬â¢s foreign policy lies in its inconsistency. Perhaps the strength of his foreign policy lies in these so called inconsistencies. Brazil has always maintained a tough stance when it came to global trade. She was defiant that no dumping of low quality goods from foreign economies will be done on her economy.This was contradicted when Lulaââ¬â¢s administration acknowledged China as a ââ¬Å"market economyâ⬠(Fitzpatrick 1). This was in 2004. What this means is that Brazil can not stop the flow of low quality goods from China. China is known for her tendency to flood the international economy with her cheap, low quality goods. This is death sentence to the local industries. Brazil has resisted this until this point in time. China refused to back Lula in his bid to get a permanent slot at the United Nationsââ¬â¢ Security Council (Fitzpatrick 1). This was seen as inconsistency in Lulaââ¬â¢s stance of an autonomous nation.However, in 2009, Lula was in Beijing. This was perhaps payback time for China. While he was there, he signed a deal with Hu Jintao that would see Brazil export a total of 200,000 barrels of crude oil to Beijing (Barriaux 1). Also, a loan was offered to him from the Chinese government that was to spur development in Brazil. This was in excess of 10-billion dollar (Barriaux 1). He took his disdain of the American regime there when he said that plans were underway to abandon the American dollar as the medium of exchange when the two countries were conducting trade.This is the consistency of Lulaââ¬â¢s inconsistent foreign policy that the writer is talking about. Lula, by signing the contract with the Chinese government, expressed his desire of cementing ties with other nations apart from the West. Brazil is a gross exporter of agricultural products, and this is the backbone of her economy (Fitzpatrick 1). When Lula an d his lieutenants take the pessimistic and negative regard of the global market, one is left wondering where Lula plans to sell the entire Soya from this country.However, Lula has been calculative as ever. He led a boycott of the Doha round table talks in 2003, leading a group of developing nations out of the venue until the developed nations addressed their concerns. Celso Amorim, the foreign minister, led a successful crusade against subsidies that the European Union and America offered to their farmers (Fitzpatrick 1). All this was geared towards safeguarding the agricultural exports of the country. Lula has worked hard to revive Mercosur, the regional trade bloc of the Latin American nations (Hurrell 55).This is assign that he is interested in asserting regional control and influence in this region. Been a member of this organization, Lula will be able to bargain with the Americans and Britons when it comes to trade matters. This has given Lula leverage such that he is able to s hun the western nations and at the same time make himself relevant to them. He has opted for this organization while at the same time resisting the Free Trade Area espoused by United States. Conclusion Lula has adopted a foreign policy stance that is bold but at the same time risky.He has sought to assert the presence of the Brazilian nation in the global arena while at the same time refusing to ride on the tail coats of the developed nations, like America. He has a pessimistic view of the global economy. This is risky considering the fact that Brazil is an exporting economy, and thus has to rely on the global market for success. Lula has tried to forge coalitions with other emerging nations like India and China. This way, Lula has eliminated the external vulnerability that the western countries would have taken advantage of by alienating Brazil with the rest of the developing nations.References Barriaux, M. C. Lula Signs Financial Agreements with Beijing. Retrieved from http://news . yahoo. com/s/afp/20090519/wl_asia_afp/chinabrazildiplomacytradecurrency_20090519162806, on 13th June, 2009. Fitzpatrick, J. K. Inconsistency of Brazilââ¬â¢s Foreign Policy. Retrieved from http://www. brazzil. com/2005-mainmenu-79/159-december-2005/9491. html, on 13th June, 2009. Hurrell, S. A. Lulaââ¬â¢s Brazil: A Rising Power, but Going Where? Oxford: Oxford University, 51-57. SkyNews. White People with Blue Eyes. Retrieved from http://www. foxnews. com/story/0,2933,510954,00. html, on 13th June, 2009. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-26436330630696689532020-01-07T13:41:00.001-08:002020-01-07T13:41:02.216-08:00Princess Diana Essay - 1065 Words Throughout Princess Dianaââ¬â¢s lifetime she loved, cared, and helped others along the way. She had many accomplishments in life. Such as her children and her many organizations. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Lady Diana Frances Spencer was born on July 1, 1961 at Park House, a residence on the royal estate at Sandringham. She was the third of four children and the youngest daughter. Diana was born to her father Edward John Spencer Viscount Althorp and mother Frances Roche Spencer (King 27). Diana shared her home with two older sisters, Sarah and Jane and a younger brother Charles (Kantrowitz 40). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;As a child, first she was expected to go through a preparatory school. She attended Riddlesworth Hall an all girlsâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦1996 (Delano 88). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;During the marriage, both Diana and Charles had extra marital affairs. Charles returned to his old lover Camilla Parker Bowles. Sometime during their marriage, Diana also had an affair with a Calvary officer; James Hewitt before the marriage ended (Kantrowitz 43). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;After divorce, Diana retained her title as ââ¬Å"Princess of Walesâ⬠. She also received twenty-six and a half million dollars and six hundred thousand a year to maintain her position as office staff. She lived in a five-bedroom apartment in Kensington Palace. In addition, after their divorce, Diana and Charles shared joint custody of their sons William and Harry (Kantrowitz 40). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The trauma of her divorce and constant media attention led to her obsession with her weight and appearance. She developed an eating disorder called bulimia (Delano 51). She often over exercised and stressed over dieting. The public often blamed Dianaââ¬â¢s illness on her depression and insecurities (Donnelly 49). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;During Dianaââ¬â¢s life, she devoted much of it to helping others. Especially the poor and less fortunate (Donnelly 122). She also did a lot with benefits and charities to raise more money. Diana had a few special charities, which were her favorites. She donated the most to these. They were the Leprosy Mission, English National Ballet,Show MoreRelatedPrincess Diana 2268 Words à |à 10 Pagesextravagant. The whole palace was made of the finest materials, it was beautiful. The roof was even made of gold. Despite the royal familyââ¬â¢s golden exterior with love for one another and their children, I saw the real Prince and Princess of Wales. I often had time to talk to Princess Diana, although she preferred when I called her Di ( Tompson 1). While Dianaââ¬â¢s life was cut too short, every minute that she was alive was exciting, the outfits, the press, and the charities. People could not get enough of herRead MorePrincess Diana Essay534 Words à |à 3 PagesPrincess Diana Princess Diana, also known as Princess of Wales was born on July 1, 1961 at Park House near Sandringham, Norfolk. Her parents, who were married in 1954, were separated when Diana was 13 years old in 1967. Their marriage was dissolved 2 years later in 1969. Dianas mother later married Earl Spencer, who was the Countess of Dartmouth in 1976. Diana was living with her dad with her siblings Sarah, Jane, and Charles. She lived there until her grandfather, Earl Spencer the 7thRead More Princess Diana Spencer1421 Words à |à 6 PagesPrincess Diana Spencer As I relax on a Sunday evening, breathe in fresh air before I enter my chamber, I catch a glimpse of something magically beautiful. With a long silk blue dress and a pearl-diamond tiara on her golden hair, the Lady, the Princess, the beauty of the world walks down the steps to the cheering crowds. She gives hope to her people when there is none. Sitting here, I feel her warm smile full of love and joy. This is my Diana, the light of this world! Dianaââ¬â¢s childhood was fullRead MoreEssay on Princess Diana1723 Words à |à 7 Pagesyielding herself from the constant harassment and persistence. Princess Diana of Wales always knew how to make an entrance. Rich, poor, famous, and obscure gathered around for a glimpse of the famous Diana, hoping to see her beauty, hoping to see the elegance she carried, hoping for one single glance in their direction. Through all movies and documentaries exposed, the knowledge of Princess Diana has grown extensively to me. Princess Dianaââ¬â¢s journey through the media begins with the accident thatRead MoreEssay Princess Diana1202 Words à |à 5 Pages One year ago, the death of a princess brought an entire world to tears. The wounds are slowly healing and the grief is less painful. What remains are the lessons that can be learned from a phenomenon that few can entirely forget. At the time it was a mystery. A divorced member of the royal family of a medium-sized European nation die s in a banal car accident in Paris, and for a week the sun, moon and stars are knocked off their appointed tracks. Within days, Europe suffers a shortage of cut flowersRead MorePrincess Diana Essay957 Words à |à 4 PagesHearts Throughout her life all eyes were always on Princess Diana. Millions came to identify with her and, when she died, they felt as though they have lost a best friend. Princess Di was known across the world as ââ¬Å"The Peopleââ¬â¢s Princessâ⬠and ââ¬Å"The Queen of Our Heartsâ⬠. She was one of the most admired and relatable princesses to society. Through her charity and her life struggles, many people can admire and relate to Princess Diana. Princess Diana was involved in nearly 100 charities during her lifeRead MorePrincess Diana Essay1384 Words à |à 6 PagesPrincess Diana Diana Spencer was born July 1, 1961. This date was the start of one of the most remarkable individuals in the world . She was once quoted as saying, One minute I was a nobody the next minute I was Princess of Wales, mother ,member of the royal family and it was too much for one person to handle (Morton story,104). The Princess of Wales struggled throughout her life due to bulimia, an unhappy marriage, and the media. Dianas astrologer, Felix Lyle, quotedRead More Princess Diana Essay2975 Words à |à 12 Pages Princess Diana was born The Honorable Diana Frances Spencer on July 1, 1961. She was the third female child to Viscount and Viscountess Althorp. Diana had two older sisters, Sarah and Jane and one younger brother, Charles. Her family was well off and Diana had a privileged childhood. The Spencerââ¬â¢s made their money as successful sheep traders in the 15th century. With their fortune they built Althorp House in Northamptonshire and acquired a family crest and motto ââ¬â amp;quot;God defend the rightamp;quot;Read MorePrincess Diana Essay example1691 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe world. Princess Diana influenced millions of people from all over the world, and her legacy will remain forever. Lady Diana Frances Spencer was born at home on July 1, 1961, in Norfolk, England (Morton 70). Her parents were very ashamed that she was a girl. They wanted a boy very badly to keep the Spencer name (Morton 71). Diana had two older sisters and one younger brother. She was always the closest to her brother, Charles, and admired him strongly (Vickers 160). As a child, Diana was somewhatRead MorePrincess Diana - Lady Di Essay1745 Words à |à 7 Pagesof flashing lights. Diana Spencer got out of her vehicle to go to one of her many charity organizations. Everyday Lady Spencer had to deal with the public. Lady Diana Francis Spencer led a privileged background. She was born on July 1, 1961. She was supposed to be a boy. But boy were her parents in for a surprise. Diana grew up at Park House in Norfolk. In 1967, When Diana was six, her parents separated. Eventually they were divorced and both of them went on to marry again. Diana and the other children Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-2451806708614281392019-12-30T10:06:00.001-08:002019-12-30T10:06:02.819-08:00Essay on Elevating the Power of a Novel through Symbolic... When reading a piece of literature, a reader often finds many symbolic objects speckled throughout the text. Some of these symbolic objects may be quite obvious to distinguish, while others may be tucked away deep within the text. Whether the symbolism of the object is apparent to the reader or not the author places them in the story to elevate the power of the text. In Truman Capoteââ¬â¢s Breakfast at Tiffanyââ¬â¢s and Sylvia Plathââ¬â¢s The Bell Jar, there are a plethora of symbolic objects that hold a deeper meaning then what appears on the surface. Capote and Plath two diverse authors, fill their novels with a plethora of dynamic objects, such as a bird cage, a bell jar, a mirror, an unnamed cat and a diamond, in order to develop more powerfulâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Much to the narratorââ¬â¢s surprise during a Christmas celebration Holly tells him: ââ¬Å"Look in the bedroom. Thereââ¬â¢s a present for youâ⬠(Capote 59). The present that Holly has waitin g for the narrator is the bird cage. Despite her dislike for the birdcage and its sense of confinement, Holly presents the narrator with the bird cage under one condition; she doesnââ¬â¢t want the narrator to ever hold an animal captive in it. The narrator returns the birdcage to Holly because it costs too much saying, ââ¬Å"The money! Three hundred and fifty dollarsâ⬠(59).Since the bird cage is a symbol of confinement for Holly, she gets rid of it out, not wanting it lingering in her apartment. She gets rid of the bird cage due to the fear it gives her of being trapped like she was at Docââ¬â¢s house in Tulip, Texas. Doc, the husband Holly never talks about, is believed to have made Holly live a tightly confined life in Texas. Her time of confinement in Texas is the reason Holly choose to leave and live a free-spirited life in New York City. Capote has used the bird cage to elevate the power of the novel, by developing the concept that Holly views herself as a type of wild animal that has a fear of commitment and confinement. In comparison to Capoteââ¬â¢s idea of a bird cage symbolizing a fear of being held captive, Plath uses a fairly different object to also symbolize how someone can feel imprisoned in his or her own body. Throughout The Bell Jar PlathShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Legacy of Romanticism in The Great Gatsby3369 Words à |à 14 PagesRomanticism, America forged its own unique romantic style that would resonate through future generations of literary works. Through periods of momentous change, the fundamentally Romantic nature of American literature held fast, a fact clearly demonstrated in the fiction of F. Scott Fitzgerald. In an era of post-war disillusionment, when idealism succumbed to hedonistic materialism, F. Scott Fitzgeraldââ¬â¢s romantically charged novel, The Great Gatsby, emerged in direct counterpoint to the disorder and apathyRead MoreWitness by Peter Weir Notes12043 Words à |à 49 PagesClose up means that something is filmed extremely close, usually a face or an object. E.g. When Samuel is in the police office, he goes up to the cabinet where the trophies are, and there is a newspaper article. The camera moves to a close up, containing little or no background, and enables the director to show emotions and reactions Editing: * Mise en scenea ââ¬Ërealisticââ¬â¢ technique whereby meaning is conveyed through the relationship of things visible within a single shot (rather than, as withRead MoreCleanth Brookss Essay Irony as a Principle of Structure9125 Words à |à 37 Pagestheories of Marxists outside Russia, above all in Germany. To some extent this influence persists to this day. 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It is not our intention to concern ourselves hereRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words à |à 1617 PagesPERSONAL SKILLS 44 Developing Self-Awareness 45 Managing Personal Stress 105 Solving Problems Analytically and Creatively 167 PART II 4 5 6 7 INTERPERSONAL SKILLS 232 233 Building Relationships by Communicating Supportively Gaining Power and Influence 279 Motivating Others 323 Managing Conflict 373 PART III GROUP SKILLS 438 8 Empowering and Delegating 439 9 Building Effective Teams and Teamwork 489 10 Leading Positive Change 533 PART IV SPECIFIC COMMUNICATION SKILLSRead MoreHbr When Your Core Business Is Dying74686 Words à |à 299 Pagesoff more than it can chewâ⬠¦Women at Fortune 1,000 companies are securing top jobs faster than menâ⬠¦Make your employees prove their ideasââ¬â¢ worthâ⬠¦Work with Chinese ï ¬ rms to build respect for IPâ⬠¦Alchemists turn bad feedback into goldâ⬠¦Donââ¬â¢t discount the power of the QAâ⬠¦Consumers are slow to notice changes in product quality, for better and for worseâ⬠¦How outside directors can reduce their legal risk. 33 124 BEST PRACTICE Human Due Diligence David Harding and Ted Rouse Most companies do a thoroughRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words à |à 1186 Pagesinsights on prioritizing projects. University students and managers deserve special accolades for identifying problems with earlier drafts of the text and exercises. We are indebted to the reviewers of past editions who shared our commitment to elevating the instruction of project management. The reviewers include Paul S. Allen, Rice University; Denis F. Cioffi, George Washington University; Joseph D. DeVoss, DeVry University; Edward J. Glantz, Pennsylvania State University; Michael Godfrey, University Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-74300330828500691062019-12-22T05:53:00.001-08:002019-12-22T05:53:02.694-08:00Invisible Social Rules Girl Code-- The Rules of Female... There is a basic code of behavior that governs female interaction, referred to in the vernacular as ââ¬Å"girl code.â⬠These unspoken rules are largely based on an assumption of trust and respect among the women in a particular social circle and only apply to women who are considered friends or colleagues. ââ¬Å"Girl codeâ⬠is also firmly rooted in the idea of female competition, particularly in regards to viewing males as potential suitors. A careful analysis of a few of these rules through the three main sociological perspectives will illuminate the underlying themes and meanings in the interactions of women. THE BODY BASHING RULE One of the fundamental rules of ââ¬Å"girl codeâ⬠concerns body bashingââ¬âthe act of making negative comments about your ownâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Women generally do not interact with males as they do with other females due to the partial loss of shared understandings concerning the dialog and contact between individuals. For example, there are aspects of a womanââ¬â¢s personality and being that she may be comfortable sharing with other women because of the assumption that they can relate to her, but that she may not be comfortable sharing with men due to the uncertainty surrounding his reaction to or perception of her or the expectation of a negative reaction to her. Functionalism Expanding on the interaction between individuals, the maintenance of a feminine safe space provides a depressurized setting that contributes to feminine solidarity. It allows for the compartmentalization of social relationships, which aids in impression managementââ¬âthe way we present ourselves so as to control othersââ¬â¢ perceptions of us. It is generally understood that there is a common ground among women that allows them to let their guard down. That understanding is not present in relations between men and women. Conflict Theory A feminine safe space also serves to separate and isolate the sexes by creating an implicit ââ¬Å"us and themâ⬠mentality. This automatically puts men and women at odds with one other, preventing the development of a shared understanding or common ground between them such as that which exists among women. The implicit confidentiality among women breeds a distrust of men thatShow MoreRelatedHow The Changing Status Of Women s Role Within The Household Essay1836 Words à |à 8 Pageschanging status of women in Somali society 4 Women as Peace Advocates in the Public Sphere 5 ââ¬Æ' Gender Roles in Somalia Gender roles are socially developed, ascribed and embedded into women and men, and as a result differ across cultures, communities, social classes, nations, ages and different periods of history. These include norms and values that are conditioned by the household structure and society as a whole, and women and men absorb these ascribed roles and values of the society around them. ThisRead MoreDomestic Violence in Immigrant Families Essay5608 Words à |à 23 PagesUhunmwagho I. Angela 9563536 SOCW 357: Social Work, Law and Social Policyà à à à à à à à à à à Assignment Three: Canadian Human Rights Report Topic ââ¬â Violence against immigrant women in South Asian, African and Korean communities Instructor: Jane Birbeck March 21st, 2011 Annotated Bibliography: Violence against Immigrant Women in South Asian, African and Korean Communities An annotated bibliography Annotated Bibliography Introduction This paper analyzes the phenomenon of violence againstRead MoreGender-Based Disaster Relief And Ngo Efforts: A Case Study10156 Words à |à 41 Pages Gender-Based Disaster Relief and NGO Efforts: A case study of the majhi community in the 2015 Earthquake. By RABINA KC (201529240001) SCHOOL OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND PUBLIC POLICY BEIJING NORMAL UNIVERSITY SUPERVISOR YANG LICHAO 1. Introduction 1.1. Background In Nepal, on 25th April 2015 Saturday at 11;56 local times, a 7.6 magnitude earthquake hit Barpak in the historic district of Gorkha, about 76 km northwest of Kathmandu. Since the major shock till 7th June 2015, there were 300Read MoreThe Effect of Student Attitudes and Beliefs on Mathematics Education29432 Words à |à 118 Pagessubject, third international mathematics and science study (TIMSS) created an index of positive attitudes towards mathematics (PATM). Poor attitude towards mathematics has often been cited as one factor that has contributed to lower participation of girls in mathematics courses and less success in those courses ( Fullarton, 1993). The conceptions, attitudes and expectation of the students regarding mathematics and mathematics teaching have been considered to be very significant factor underlyingRead MoreIntercultural Communication21031 Words à |à 85 Pagesfrom different religious, social, ethnic, and educational backgrounds. â⬠¢ Intercultural communication is sometimes used synonymously with cross-cultural communication. In this sense it seeks to understand how people from different countries and cultures act, communicate and perceive the world around them. â⬠¢ IC also studies situations where people from different cultural backgrounds interact. â⬠¢ Aside from language, intercultural communication focuses on social attributes, thought patternsRead MoreSociology and Group41984 Words à |à 168 PagesFans cheering at a baseball game. d. Jury members deliberating a court case. e. A congregation listening to a sermon. Answer: d. Jury members deliberating a court case. . A group with 7 members has the potential for _______ different types of interactions. a. 9 b. 90 c. 666 d. 900 e. 966 Answer: e. 966 . What is the ideal group size for a problem-solving discussion? a. 3ââ¬â5 people b. 4ââ¬â6 people c. 5ââ¬â7 people d. 6ââ¬â9 people e. 8ââ¬â12 people Answer: c. 5ââ¬â7 people . According to your textbookRead MoreCounselling Assignment 58163 Words à |à 20 Pagesprejudice by the English neighbours. Discrimination. This is why they are unhappy about it. But to be on the receiving end of something that is historical and for which I have no responsibility for his painful and irksome and makes me feel somehow invisible and unvalued as a person with individuality and a contribution to make to the present moment. Also, if the client is presenting them selves and talking about themselves as a stereotype, almost as a cliche of themselves, it would be helpful to lookRead MoreMGT1FOM Key Management Theorists26579 Words à |à 107 Pagesnature of religious and government institutions and their differing views on the origin and nature of authority. He complained that most research focused on social unrest and reform and included ââ¬Ëââ¬Ëpractically no reference to formal organization as the concrete social process by which social action is largely accomplished.ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢ In Barnardââ¬â¢s opinion, social failures throughout history were due to the failure to provide for human cooperation in formal organizations. Barnard said that the ââ¬Ëââ¬Ëformal organizationRead MoreSSD2 Module 1 Notes31223 Words à |à 125 Pagesbehave in relation to how you see others behaving. You can choose to be like them or unlike them, but much of the time people communicate to find out how others are communicating or what they feel or think. How does it feel to be six-feet tall and female? Are left-handed people different from right-handed people? What is it like to be the only one in a dorm or neighborhood with a different color skin? How many in the class got lower or higher grades than you did on a test? Who are some others whoRead MoreMID TERM STUDY GUIDE Essay16611 Words à |à 67 Pageslearn 8. Which of the following statements is true? (16) a. Counseling involves a relationship between a counselor and client, with the counselor helping the client resolve a problem. *** b. Child counseling focuses on children with learning, social, or behavioral problems who are not classified as being severely disturbed. c. There are completely different principles of counseling for children than adults. d. None of the above. 9. Possibly the most important outcome for counseling occurs Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-85787041867707220392019-12-14T02:22:00.001-08:002019-12-14T02:22:04.833-08:00Interpersonal Communication Com 200 Free Essays Communication in Interpersonal Relationships Benjamin M. Phelps COM 200 Mrs. Joyce Walther October 4, 2010 Communication in Interpersonal Relationships Today many people still lack the ability to communicate effectively with in interpersonal relationships. We will write a custom essay sample on Interpersonal Communication Com 200 or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is through cooperation and collaboration that effective communication occurs. By analyzing and studying the communication process we can improve our ability to communicate effectively between one another. To have a successful interpersonal relationship one must first interact with others, which is called interpersonal communication (Hybels amp; Weaver, 2007). Recognizing emotions in other is a very important first step to building a relationship. If you canââ¬â¢t feel what someone else is feeling then you canââ¬â¢t connect with them on a personal level and that can hinder your relationship process. Interpersonal communication is important because of the functions it achieves. Whenever we engage in communication with another person, we seek to gain information about them. We also give off information through a wide variety of verbal and non-verbal cues. Verbal communication has huge effects on many aspects of life, including interpersonal relationships. Speaking and telling our needs and wants verbally or non-verbally is a necessity for daily life. Verbal communication is organized by language; non-verbal communication is not. Most of us spend about 75 percent of our waking hours communicating our knowledge, thoughts, and ideas to others (Allis, 2002). However, most of us fail to realize that a great deal of our communication is of a non-verbal form as opposed to the oral and written forms. Non-verbal communication includes facial expressions, eye contact, tone of voice, body posture and motions, and positioning within groups. It may also include the way we wear our clothes or the silence we keep. In person-to-person communications our messages are sent on two levels simultaneously. If the nonverbal cues and the spoken message are incongruous, the flow of communication is hindered. Right or wrong, the receiver of the communication tends to base the intentions of the sender on the non- verbal cues one receives. Before a person makes an attempt to form an interpersonal relationship they must decide what attracts them to that person. There are many factors that make up attraction to others. Physical attraction, perceived gain, similarities, differences, and proximity are some of them (Hybels, 2007). Most people are first attracted to others because of the way they look. Some people might have distinct characteristics that one might be attracted to such as; blues eyes, short hair, or even a small space between their teeth. If a person is not attracted to your appearance they are not likely to come up and carry on a conversation with you. For example, if an individual, who dislikes tattoos, is taking a class and has to choose a partner for a project, but there are only two people left and one of them has tattoos he or she will mostly likely choose the individual without tattoos ,even à if the person with tattoos is a very intelligent individual. There are many cases where we are attracted to someone because of the perceived gain associated them for example, one might become friends with an employee at a restaurant in hope of having discounted meal when they eat there. The similarities and differences are a major factor in determining if the relationship will be right for you. Often we find ourselves attracted to people that share the same beliefs, values, and religion. Most people are also attracted to people who enjoy the same activities as they do. Contrary to the similarities people may also be attracted to the differences. For example, person who doesnââ¬â¢t like making decisions might be attracted to a strong decision maker. Because these characteristics complement each other, they might help strengthen the relationship (Hybels, 2007). Proximity is a valuable factor also when it comes to evaluating the pros and cons of a relationship. Proximity is the close contact that occurs when people share an experience such as at work, school, or play (Hybels, 2007). If a person does not want to have a long distance romantic relationship and their partner moves away to attend college in another state, then it is most likely that the relationship will not last. Moving on to the next steps of forming an interpersonal relationship would be our motives for communicating. We are motivated to form relationships for many different reasons such as, pleasure, affection, inclusion, escape, relaxation, control and health (Hybels, 2007). If an individual is motivated by pleasure he or she might just want someone to go to the movies or discuss politics with. Maybe we might be motivated by affection; many people are looking for someone to give them attention; a ââ¬Å"pat on the backâ⬠or a little kiss every now and then. Many marriages end in divorce because of the lack of affection from their partner, but if they could have communicated effectively to each other that they needed more affection the relationship might not have ended. No matter what might motivate us, once we have started developing a relationship we have to decide how much of our selves we want to disclose to the relationship and at what point in the relationship. Self- disclosure is a process in which one person tells another person something he or she would not reveal to just anyone (Hybels, 2007). Self-disclosure is not simply providing information to another person. Instead, scholars define self-disclosure as sharing information with others that they would not normally know or discover (Borchers, 1999). Self-disclosure involves risk and vulnerability on the part of the person sharing the information. Self-disclosure performs many functions. It is also a way of gaining information about another person. We want to be able to predict the thoughts and actions of people we know. Self-disclosure is one way to learn about how another person thinks and feels. Once one person engages in self-disclosure, it is implied that the other person will also disclose personal information. Mutual disclosure deepens trust in the relationships and helps both people understand each other more. You also feel better about yourself and your relationship when the other person accepts what you tell them. While self disclosure can strengthen a relationship it can also damage it. A relationship can be damaged if the person you are pouring your soul out to do not like what they are hearing or if self-disclosure comes too early in a relationship it can be damaged. Thus, while self-disclosure is useful, it can also be damaging to a relationship. There are five different stages that we progress through while developing and strengthening our relationships, these are the ââ¬Å"coming togetherâ⬠stages. No matter what type of relationship it is; romantic, platonic, or same gender relationship each kind still goes through each stages. The first stage is the initiating stage. The initiating stage is characterized by nervousness, caution, a bit of hesitation, and risk of being rejected (Hybels, 2007). Although one might proceed with caution, this stage can be very joyful experience and the outcomes can be great. Most people leave this stage with a new friend. The next stage is the experimenting stage. In this stage people make an effort to seek out common interest and experiences (Hybels, 2007). One might express a love for children and hopes of being a parent one day. This would be an important topic to discuss for a romantic relationship; each person needs to be aware of what the future might hold for them if they continue with the relationship. When experimenting with each other by discussing important topics and seeing the reactions of other, one can make a valid decision based on their knowledge of the other person to continue the relationship to the next stage. The intensifying stage is the third stage that we go through. Self-disclosure becomes more common in the intensifying stage. The relationship becomes less formal and statements are made about the level of commitment each has to the relationship. In this stage individuals might have nick names for one another or ââ¬Å"inside jokesâ⬠. A statement about attending a vacation next summer in France is an example of the commitment one might have for the relationship. But while self-disclosure becomes more common and makes the relationship stronger it can also make the participants vulnerable to each other. The integrating stage is the fourth stage. This is the point where personalities are beginning to merge; people are expecting to see them together (Hybels, 2007). The individuals become a pair. They begin to do things together and, importantly, others come to see them as a pair. A shared relational identity also starts to form in this stage. By the end of this stage individuals should know how to communicate and responds with ease and understanding of the other personââ¬â¢s feelings. The final stage of coming together is the bonding stage. At this point, the participants make some sort of commitment that announces their relationship to those around them (Hybels, 2007). Two girls friends might say they are now ââ¬Å"best friendsâ⬠to announce their comment to their relationship or a couple might announce they are getting married or buying a house together. This stage involves a lot of commitment and dedication to the relationship and to each other. In all of the stages discussed we all have decision to make. We can either progress forward to the next stage, stay in the same stage we are in, move back a stage or exit the relationship all together. No matter what we as individuals choose to do we need to know how to communicate effectively to that next stage and we need to know how to handle conflict or resolve conflict in our relationships. We can do this by conflict resolution, which is negotiating to find a solution to the conflict (Hybels, 2007). Depending on how a conflict is resolved it can produce a positive or negative result. For example if two sisters are fight over a dress to wear on the weekend, they have two choices: one wear the dress and the other one does not, which leaves one sister unhappy (negative outcome) or neither of them wear it, so both are satisfied and neither of them are jealous of the other (positive outcome). It also helps to take a positive approach to conflict resolution, where discussion is considerate and non-confrontational, and the heart of the matter is on issues rather than on individuals. If this is done, then, as long as people listen carefully and explore facts, issues and possible solutions properly, conflict can often be resolved effectively. In short, interpersonal communication is just like any other works of life, it must be practiced and utilized regularly in order to be successful. We must continually analyze and study it in order to improve our ability to communicate effectively in relationships. à That will lead to better relationships which lead to a better life, both personally and professionally. References Allis, R. (2002). Non-verbal Communication. Zeromillion. com. Retrieved September 25, 2010, from http://www. zeromillion. com/business/management/non-verbal- communication. html Borchers, T. (1999). Interpersonal Communication. Allyn amp; Bacon. Retrieved September 22, 2010, from http://www. abacon. com/commstudies/interpersonal/interpersonal. html Hybels, S. , amp; Weaver, R. (2007). Communicating Effectively. New York: McGraw-Hill How to cite Interpersonal Communication Com 200, Papers Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-30784035746217165662019-12-05T22:41:00.001-08:002019-12-05T22:41:02.747-08:00Violation of Human Rights in The Crucible Essay Example For Students Violation of Human Rights in The Crucible Essay IB English Exam A2 Question #2 : Violations of the Declaration of Human Rights during the Salem Witch Trials During the Salem witch trials, many violations of todays Universal Declaration of Human Rights occurred. Inclusively, some are still being done today. Upon having a victim under an acusation, many articles were not respected. This is shown in the manner in which past time juries treated the accused. In my opinion, the articles that during those times were violated were article four, five, article six, and seventeen. Article four presents the idea of preventing a cruel or unaccepted treatment towards the victim. It reads the following, no one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. During the witch trials in Salem, those who were declared guilty, depending on the charges he/she was accused of, the victim might suffer a punishment of being hanged, and one person suffered being crushed under rocks. If the declaration had been functioning during those past moments, it would have occured, most likely, that the victims of the illegal charge of witchcraft, might have been given a life-time jail sentence and not the death-penalty by being hanged or crushed. Another article that had been clearly violated during the Salem witch trials was article five, which states that everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law. Many thought of the women accused of practicing witchcraft to be diabolic and inhuman ; in fact, they were thought of human figures of the devil. This would clearly interfere with the judges veredict and it would be almost impossible for the victimis to save themselves from being condemned to death. If these victims of whom most were in their late fifties, had been seen as people who are just like us, they would have been saved from such destiny. Article Six is also a great, and maybe the clearest, example to prove the point of violated human rights. This article says all are equal before the law and entitled without any discrimination to equal protection before the law. All are entitled to protection against any discrimination in violation this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination. In the witch trials of Salem, it was perfectly clear that the twenty people that lost their lives were not considered nor treated equally in comparison to the accusers. This occured most obviously because there were no laws that would protect those who had been accused. We can see how unprofessional the system was when the judge told Goody Cloyse to read a passage in the Bible without any mistakes to prove her innocence, and, once she had done so, she was still declared guilty and was sentenced. This article expresses that all people are entitled to protection, but none of the victims of this complot were actually defended nor protected by issues of law and more got saved of the horrible fate others had suffered. Finally, the last article that in my consideration was violated during the Salem Witch Trials is that one referred to as Article 15. This Article says everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression ; this right inclues the freedom to hold opinions without interference. If the victims that were accused of witchcraft had really been witches, they should have been respected as should in their freedom of religion, opinion, and expression. Nowadays, witchcraft is accepted as another religions within many that exist in our modern day societies. Clearly, neither the judges nor the accusers nor the jury accepted this freedom and condemned it with the maximum penalty, death. Perhaps there are many more rights in the Declaration of Human Rights that were also violated during these trials, but the onces that to me are most clear, are the ones dictated and explained. These trials had shown no respect to those victims of these horrible accusations and once condemned, these people had no way of escaping death. Nowadays, some violations are still being perpetrated, but at least our society has laws to prevent these violations and our system has become more fair with the years. .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840 , .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840 .postImageUrl , .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840 , .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840:hover , .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840:visited , .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840:active { border:0!important; } .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840:active , .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840 .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1162384115604d82ed982f1fc3091840:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Juvenile Psychopaths EssayCategory: English . Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-58992973007114248352019-11-28T20:00:00.001-08:002019-11-28T20:00:07.847-08:00Early Netherlandish Painting Triptych of Madonna and Child with Angels; Donor and His Patron Saint Peter Martyr; and Saint Jerome and His Lion by the Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy Early Netherlandish Painting: Triptych of Madonna and Child with Angels; Donor and His Patron Saint Peter Martyr; and Saint Jerome and His Lion by the Master of the Legend of Saint LucyAdvertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Early Netherlandish Painting: Triptych of Madonna and Child with Angels; Donor and His Patron Saint Peter Martyr; and Saint Jerome and His Lion by the Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Introduction The period of 1420-1550 in the European art is characterized by the development of the early Netherlandish painting. In their works, the early Netherlandish painters focused on the religious motives and the sacred plots and subjects. These elements became the typical features of the early Netherlandish or Flemish painting. The artists chose the complex forms of diptychs and triptychs in order to depict the religious objects, symbols, and images. The most famous N etherlandish artists belonging to the painting school are Jan van Eyck, Hans Memling, and Gerard David1. Nevertheless, to analyze the particular features of the early Netherlandish religious painting, it is necessary to pay attention to Triptych of Madonna and Child with Angels; Donor and His Patron Saint Peter Martyr; and Saint Jerome and His Lion painted by the anonymous author known as the Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy because of his work in Saint Jamesââ¬â¢ Church in Bruges. The triptych can be discussed as one of the most characteristic representations of Madonna in the early Netherlandish painting which was reflected in the works of the other Netherlandish painters; that is why, the analysis of this work is important to understand the particular features if the early Netherlandish religious painting. The Description and Analysis of the Painting In spite of the fact, the author of Triptych of Madonna and Child with Angels is anonymous, the researchers are inclined to ag ree that the works of the author of the Legend of Saint Lucy in Saint Jamesââ¬â¢ Church in Bruges can be characterized by a lot of features which help distinguish the authorââ¬â¢s paintings and speak about the characteristics of the artistââ¬â¢s hand. These characteristics are the usage of intense and contrast colors, strict compositions, and the focus on expressionless faces2. Triptych of Madonna and Child with Angels; Donor and His Patron Saint Peter Martyr; and Saint Jerome and His Lion is an oil painting made on the oak panels. It is possible to admit that the work was painted before 1483. Triptychs were the typical form for the early Netherlandish painters to represent the religious plots in symbolic and sacred paintings3. The triptych depicts Madonna with a child as the central figures and Saints Peter and Jerome as the side figures of the painting. Thus, the idea of the triptych is presented clearly, and the principles of the strict compositions are followed.Advertis ing Looking for research paper on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Each part of the triptych represents two figures. The central figures are Madonna and Christ, the left figures are the donor and Saint Peter Martyr, and right figures are Saint Jerome and the lion. It is rather easy to recognize the figures because of much detail provided. Madonna as the main figure of the triptych is depicted with Christ sitting on the throne. Madonnaââ¬â¢s position accentuated the importance of the figure in the triptych. Being depicted in the centre of the panel, Madonna is rounded by two angels portrayed rather symmetrically while standing at the left and right sides in relation to Madonna. Thus, Madonna is dressed in red clothes, and the symbolic dark blue mantle reflects the clothing typical for a lot of Madonnaââ¬â¢s images presented in paintings. Christ is depicted naked, and it seems that his right hand is reaching to the flower in the hand of one angel. The other angel is depicted as reading sacred texts. The faces of the figures have the extremely oval shape, and they are rather expressionless. These features are discussed as the characteristic of the artistââ¬â¢s style in painting. The composition of the central panel makes the audience think about the placid religious picture. The donor and Saint Peter are depicted on the left panel of the triptych. The donor is kneeling in prayer and looking at Madonna, and Saint Peter is placing the hand on the donorââ¬â¢s shoulder and is holding the sword in the other hand. The representation of the sword as the certain symbol accentuates the protective role of Saint Peter. The donor and Saint Peter are dressed in black clothes to present their religious roles. It is possible to see the contours of some religious buildings at the background of the left panel. Thus, the artist uses the elements of the two dimensional technique. On the right panel, Saint Jerome is depicted with a lion. Saint Jerome is holding a book in one hand. The lion is snuggling to the saint, and it is holding the saintââ¬â¢s other hand. The background is presented in soft and naturalistic green colors. Saint Jerome is dressed in red clothes which reflect Madonnaââ¬â¢s clothes in relation to the color and its intensity.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Early Netherlandish Painting: Triptych of Madonna and Child with Angels; Donor and His Patron Saint Peter Martyr; and Saint Jerome and His Lion by the Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is possible to note that the artist paid much attention to the colors presented in the triptych. The most vivid colors are characteristic for the dresses of Madonna. Thus, Madonnaââ¬â¢s clothing is depicted in deep and intense bold colors. The mantle is dark blue to accentuate Madonnaââ¬â¢s integri ty. Saint Jerome is also dressed in deep red clothes. The white clothes are typical for two angels presented on the central panel and for the drapery of Christ. The white color is associated with purity and this symbolic meaning is depicted with the help of the color in the painting. The gold colors are used to depict the throne on which Madonna is sitting. Thus, all the main colors typical for religious paintings are presented in the triptych4. However, it is important to note that the artist is inclined to utilize the intense bold colors, and different tones are used to emphasize the deepness of the basic color. The figures and objects depicted in the triptych are rather realistic in their features, but the lack of balance in the figuresââ¬â¢ sizes can be observed. Moreover, the figure of Madonna is accentuated, and it is presented in the centre of the main panel providing the centre for the whole symmetrical composition. The painter focuses on the central figure of Madonna mak ing the other figures be turned to Madonna and Christ while looking at them. The Historical Framework and Relation to the Other Paintings The Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy is discussed as one of the most significant early Netherlandish painters. As the other painters working during the period, the Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy concentrated in his works on the religious plots and provided the depiction of symbols along with the realistic objects to emphasize the connection of the religion and the real everyday life5. The subject of the triptych is the representation of Madonna with Christ accentuating their purity, integrity, and their influential religious role with providing them as the central figures of the triptych in comparison with the figures of saints depicted. The composition with the centralized figure of Madonna was typical for the iconography of the period. Moreover, triptychs were usually used by the early Netherlandish painters to represent the definite relig ious subjects and plots. The image of Madonna was portrayed in many paintings accompanied with different figures6.Advertising Looking for research paper on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy chose the figures of Saint Peter and Saint Jerome to portray them in the triptych. It is important to pay attention to the symbols depicted along with the figures of saints. These symbols could be easily recognized by the audience basing on the religious legends and stories, and they helped determine the personalities of the saints presented. Thus, Saint Peter is depicted with the symbolic sword used to protect Christ, and Saint Jerome is depicted with a lion which is snuggling to the saint to demonstrate his obedience because, according to the legend, Saint Jerome helped the lion remove a thorn from the paw. It is important to note that the question of patronage is closely associated with the work by the Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy. The figures of saints and a donor in the triptych are identified with references to the symbolic objects accompanied these figures7. The tradition to use symbolic objects is characteristic for the early Neth erlandish painters. The idea of the religious triptych with accentuating the central figure is typical for many Netherlandish painters. Referring to the works which were painted earlier than the work by the Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy, it is necessary to pay attention to Hans Memlingââ¬â¢s oil triptych made on wood known as Last Judgment (1466-1473). Many researchers agree that Hans Memlingââ¬â¢s works influenced the style of the Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy significantly8. Moreover, the elements of the Spanish painting school are also observed in relation to the artistââ¬â¢s works. It is possible to compare the Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy and Hans Memlingââ¬â¢s works because the artists used the similar techniques, the colors are compared in relation to their deepness and usage of tones, the depiction of figures is also similar. However, it is also possible to discuss the impact of the triptych painted by the Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy on the works of the other painters belonging to the early Netherlandish school of painting. Thus, Gerard Davidââ¬â¢s The Virgin among the Virgins (1509) in its composition, figure of Madonna, her face expression, figure of Christ, and clothes is similar to Triptych of Madonna and Child with Angels9. The Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy specialized in painting the religious works, but the discussed triptych took a special position in the artistââ¬â¢s career because it is possible to speak about reflecting the artistââ¬â¢s style and manner of depicting Madonna in the works of the other painters. The triptych is significant because of the subject chosen to depict as the main one and because of the associated elements. Thus, the work was created under the influence of the social tendencies and reflected the importance of the religious motives and sacred subjects in the peopleââ¬â¢s life. That is why, the presentation of many symbolic objects at the background of rather real thin gs was characteristic for the early Netherlandish painting as the combination of the secular and sacred worlds. The work by the Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy reflects the main tendencies in art influenced by the definite historical conditions typical for the period of 1420-1550. The main patron of the arts at the territories was Philip the Good. He supported the works made according to the naturalistic trends and sacred works accentuating with the help of definite symbols. Moreover, the orientation to both sacred and secular worlds along with the naturalistic details led to the combination of these elements in painting. The patronage of monarchs and their interests in art contributed to the development of the painting school, and the early Netherlandish painters received the opportunity to develop their approaches to presenting the symbolic sacred world along with naturalistic pictures and portraits10. Much attention was paid to details that is why the early Netherlandish paint ers are characterized by meticulousness which is also typical for the work painted by the Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy. Thus, the historical conditions in which the triptych was created can be discussed as rather favorable. Conclusion The triptych painted by the Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy is the example of the traditional early Netherlandish painting with references to the religious motives and subjects used. The role of the Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy in developing the early Netherlandish painting school is significant because the artist not only followed the set standards but he also contributed to the development of the deeper mergence of the sacred and secular elements in the works of the early Netherlandish painters as it is possible to note with references to the later works painted by Gerard David. References Ainsworth, M. (2005). Intentional alterations of early Netherlandish paintings. Metropolitan Museum Journal, 40(10), 51-65. Gardner, H., Kleiner, F . (2009). Gardnerââ¬â¢s art through the ages: A global history. USA: Cengage Learning. Hand, J., Wolff, M. (1986). Early Netherlandish Painting. USA: Cambridge University Press. Harbison, C. (1984). Realism and Symbolism in early Flemish painting. The Art Bulletin, 66(4), 588-602. Lane, B. (1988). Sacred versus profane in early Netherlandish painting. Simiolus: Netherlands Quarterly for the History of Art, 18(3), 106-115. Veen, H. (2005). Early Netherlandish paintings: Rediscovery, reception, and research. Netherlands: Amsterdam University Press. Footnotes 1 M. Ainsworth, Intentional alterations of early Netherlandish paintings, Metropolitan Museum Journal, 40(10), 2005: 53. 2 C. Harbison, Realism and Symbolism in early Flemish painting, The Art Bulletin, 66(4), 1984: 589. 3 B. Lane, Sacred versus profane in early Netherlandish painting, Simiolus: Netherlands Quarterly for the History of Art, 18(3), 1988: 110. 4 Lane, 1988, 111-112. 5 Harbison, 1984, 590. 6 Lane, 1988, 113. 7 H. Veen, Early Netherlandish paintings: Rediscovery, reception, and research (Netherlands: Amsterdam University Press, 2005), 219-220. 8 Ibid., 223. 9 J. Hand M. Wolff. Early Netherlandish Painting (USA: Cambridge University Press, 1986), 180-186. 10 H. Gardner F. Kleiner, Gardnerââ¬â¢s art through the ages: A global history (USA: Cengage Learning, 2009), 637. This research paper on Early Netherlandish Painting: Triptych of Madonna and Child with Angels; Donor and His Patron Saint Peter Martyr; and Saint Jerome and His Lion by the Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy was written and submitted by user Michaela Reeves to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-5783714199410823742019-11-25T03:35:00.001-08:002019-11-25T03:35:04.716-08:00Learn How to Delegate Responsibility to Your EmployeesLearn How to Delegate Responsibility to Your Employees ]Time is your most precious commodity. No matter how hard you try, you canââ¬â¢t do everything by yourself. Many supervisors avoid delegating responsibilities and the reasons for this vary. Those who have moved up through the ranks of a company may be uncomfortable or simply not used to delegating. Others live by the words ââ¬Å"If you want something done right, do it yourself.â⬠And then there are some who fear delegating may mean being outshined by their employee. Whatever your feelings, as a manager you need to realize that you are not a regular employee, you are a coach. Coaches must understand the importance of teaching, motivating, and taking pride in the performance of their charges. To do this, you must learn how to delegate efficiently and responsibly. Some Things Should Not Be Delegated Never delegate sensitive projects to your employees. If you are in charge of the project because of your expertise, you should complete it yourself. If the project is confidential in any way, be very careful about outsourcing the work. Keep in mind that some jobs need to be done by the person in charge. At the same time, try to avoid delegating only the ââ¬Å"dirty workâ⬠. Give your employees something fun and interesting to do once in awhile. Evaluating Employee Abilities There are many things to evaluate before delegating duties. Consider your employeesââ¬â¢ skill level, motivation, and dependability. Remember, not every employee is created equal. Certain people will be more efficient than others depending upon the facet in which they thrive. At the same time, try not to typecast your employees. Give them opportunities to broaden their horizons and become more valuable to the team. Matching the proper person to each task can be difficult. Start small and be patient. Providing Clear Instructions When you are assigning unfamiliar duties, be very specific when you explain what you need. By detailing an assignment, you leave no room for confusion and therefore, no room for error. If you have a long list of verbal instructions, type them out. This will give your employee something to refer to when they are performing a task that is unfamiliar to them. If possible, train two people to do the same thing. This way, they can refer to one another for questions, rather than coming to you. It is also essential that your employee has a clear understanding of their authority in each situation. When a decision needs to be made regarding their assignment, should they use their best judgment or should they come to you immediately for clarification? This will be one of your hardest decisions to make because it could mean the difference between success and failure. When in doubt, retain control. Once an employee had proved their capability, give them more responsibility in the decision-making department. Measuring Performance and Controlling Projects Measure the performance of employees and delegated projects. Explain to them how performance will be measured and let the employee know the level of accountability that comes with the task. Clarifying these things beforehand will make everything run much smoother. Large projects may be easier to monitor if they are broken into smaller segments. Spread the assignments throughout your staff and make them report to you after each segment of the project has been finished. Also, get feedback from your employees via meetings and reports. Do this daily, weekly, or monthly. Know whatââ¬â¢s going on around you. Staying informed limits the possibility of failure. As a supervisor, you are responsible and accountable for your employees and their work. Coaching Your Staff One of the most important parts of delegation is coaching. When you delegate an assignment, make it clear to them that they can come to you with questions. New tasks can be confusing. Above all, be patient. You should consistently motivate your staff and commend them when they do well. If they complete an assignment, but they donââ¬â¢t do a good job, find out why. Pinpoint what went wrong and take steps to address the issue. On the other hand, when tasks are completed effectively, give your employee the recognition they deserve. Whether it is public recognition or one-on-one, your employee will value being given credit for their work. Doing this not only makes your employee feel good, it will also motivate them to continue their on-the-job success. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-61621980763568129282019-11-21T10:59:00.001-08:002019-11-21T10:59:02.934-08:00Systems Analysis and Design Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2Systems Analysis and Design - Case Study Example To identify if the migration succeeded, the primary step is evaluating database values between new and old systems, a test called a parallel type of test. The finishing success is the acceptance test, performing business operations, as well as processes effectively (Satzinger, Jackson & Burd, 2012). The system will develop in every iteration. Integration testing shall be done as part of every iteration. The first system testing will be done in each iteration as a part of the build and smoke testing that is done. Nevertheless, a complete system testing will be conducted as part of a separate system as well as acceptance test activity. Now that integration testing along with build and smoke testing is conducted in each iteration, at the project end, there shall be the definition of a testing iteration to finalize system testing. In this final iteration, the following will take place. System testing, acceptance testing and stress and performance testing (Satzinger, Jackson & Burd, 2012). Q1. Based on Figure 14-6ââ¬âthe XP methodologyââ¬â divide your use cases into releases and iterations within each release. Develop a project iteration plan that includes the necessary activities at each level (system, release, iteration) for integration testing and acceptance testing. Compare your answer to this question to the project iteration plan you developed for Chapter 9. This system is used by contemplative media agents who rarely are in their offices and the media managers who work frequently in their offices. Therefore, the use cases that mostly apply to media managers will work well on larger computers with screens and keyboards. Some use cases, especially those for view the contemplative practices, will work well for notepads and laptops as well as for smartphone devices (Satzinger, Jackson & Burd, 2012). The entire use cases as well as pages that view practices would be improved if map and location information are provided. This will facilitate both customers and Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-13894716256400528802019-11-20T13:17:00.001-08:002019-11-20T13:17:07.535-08:00Brand Management of Apple Inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsBrand Management of Apple Inc - Essay Example Apple Company has made numerous advertisements in the media with the intention of creating awareness of its product to potential consumers. Advertisements by the company have played a huge role in creating consumer awareness of the product (Mehling 1997). In order for the company to reach that level, it has taken into consideration various marketing strategies. One of them is the use of 3 Cââ¬â¢s marketing strategy. The three Cââ¬â¢s in marketing refers to the corporation itself, the customers, and the level of competition in the market. A companyââ¬â¢s foremost concern is the consumer awareness of the products that the company is dealing with. In customer-based strategies, Apple Company has achieved success through segmentation. Segmentation is done in consideration of the different ways in which customers use the products. Apple Company is the worldââ¬â¢s prominent subdivision implementing company. The subdivision strategy applied by the company has led the company acqu iring surprising growth in sales, revenues, profits, and business rankings (Schick 1997). Apple Inc. has applied a vertical market segmentation policy, which involves making a product for each use case. Additionally, the Apple Inc. is able to sell the merchandises at the right price for only the moneymaking market section. Using this policy, the Apple has also been able to ascertain the market section that pays more, for the precise merchandise, which the company offers. Furthermore, nice and easy to use users practice in addition to high-class merchandises, which offer all-in-one amalgamation, symbolizes the Appleââ¬â¢s products. More significantly, the Apple disregards potential consumers who are not willing to pay for their... This paper stresses that the company has also used corporate based strategy to achieve high levels of success. The corporate strategy aims at maximizing the companyââ¬â¢s strengths in relation to the level of competition of their products. Apple Company uses selective and sequencing strategy in order to win the competition in the smart phones markets. The company has gained a decisive edge in the development of high quality smartphones, thus, gaining a competitive advantage over its rivals. Moreover, the company operates at a low cost due to outsourcing of both labor and raw materials. Moreover, Apple Company is able to operate at a low cost and gain market leadership. Besides, it is able to produce cheaper than other companies, despite the fact that the companyââ¬â¢s products are expensive to meet the expense and retain. Apple Company has also embarked on using competitor-based strategies in order to curb increasing competition. This report makes a conclusion that the company has also benefited greatly by investing in profit and cost structure differences. This has been done by exploiting the source profit difference. Such profits include profits from product sales and profits from services. Moreover, in implementing the 3Cââ¬â¢s marketing strategy, the company has also employed tactics for flyweights since the company has invested heavily in mass media advertising. Furthermore, the company has invested in massive research and development efforts that have differentiated the company from other competitors. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-63779212344063627572019-11-18T08:55:00.001-08:002019-11-18T08:55:03.641-08:00Relationships in working with young people EssayRelationships in working with young people - Essay Example Many organisations have been on the forefront in ensuring this is a prevalent occasion as it cements the functionality of the same organisation. For instance, this project was developed to assist the youth in the working environment (The factory sequence 3: Paulââ¬â¢s perspective, 3ââ¬â¢00ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢). This was to improve their working environment and ensure they are comfortable with what was offered. In making this a reality, the project manager approached working youth and engaged the youth in lengthy talks. This was initiated to get information on what they needed and how they wanted it. Therefore, it openly states that communication was an ideal aspect in getting to know what the youth need in the working environment. There are many issues youth have to deal with, including employment. This is an issue that is affecting a number of families in the society. To save the situation, youths have to look for other avenues of looking for employment. This includes the informal sector, where youths have to start working to support their families. Aggressive and creative youths have to look for employment in supporting their younger siblings. This includes fending for their food, clothing, and getting enough cash to send them to school. In most cases, youths of age 16 and 17 have to look for employment to get more resources. ... In some instances, youths save enough cash and pursue their higher education later in life. This means that all is not lost, especially when youths have networks and can make strong relationships in the informal sector. Building a relationship with the youth does not cost a lot in terms of money. When building a relationship with the youth, you only need to engage in dialogue, talk about issues and make lasting friendship (The factory sequence 2: Kawsarââ¬â¢s perspective, 00ââ¬â¢04ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢). This is done on a frequent basis where the youth meet, exchange ideas and make decisions. This does not involve use of resources as it is a social activity. However, the issue of resources chips in when they have to make a project from their ideas. In such a case, the only resource that is spent is time. The youth have to spare enough time to relate, talk, dialogue and exchange ideas with other youth. As much as a project is in the offing, the youth will have a stronger bond and rel ationship. In making a strong relationship with the youth in the streets and factories, the project initiators engaged in frequent talks. These lively talks made a concrete bond between the youth and the project initiators. Since they communicated on a frequent basis, they gathered substantial information that could be used in developing the project. The relationship between the youth and the project initiators was enhanced by an agreement point. This is where the project initiators respected the needs of the youth and had to make better ways of giving the youths what they need. In continuous interaction with the youth, the project initiators discovered that the youth had wider perspectives Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-90892870546390955982019-11-15T21:26:00.001-08:002019-11-15T21:26:06.717-08:00Introduction Of Engine BlockIntroduction Of Engine Block Until recently, cast iron and aluminum alloys have been successfully used to manufacture most diesel and conventional gasoline-powered engine blocks. However, with a greater emphasis on increasing the efficiency of the engine via weight reduction, there is a search for alternative alloys that are lighter than cast iron and aluminum alloys, while retaining the necessary strength to withstand the forces of an engine. In the late 1990s engine blocks made from plastic and other experimental materials were being used in prototype cars with the hope of developing more lightweight, efficient vehicles . Also lately new manufacturing processes have been developed that have brought to light two new alloys suitable for use in an engine block, magnesium alloy AMC-SC1 and compacted graphite cast iron (CGI). Thus this project will cover, the functional requirements of the engine block, the processes used to manufacture the part, and the mechanical properties of the alloys. INTRODUCTION: Todays engines are an integral component of an automobile that are built in a number of configurations and are considerably more complex than early automotive engines. The use of lighter and stronger engineering materials to manufacture various components of the engine has also had an impact allowing engineers to increase the power-to-weight of the engine, and thus the automobile. Since the engine block is also a relatively large component, it constitutes 20-25% of the total weight of an engine. Thus there is much interest in reducing the blocks weight.[Keay, Sue: Diet of Australian metal lightens cars and pollution, Media release, 14 October 2002.] Many early engine blocks were manufactured from cast iron alloys primarily due to its high strength and low cost. But, as engine designs became more complicated, the weight of the engine (and thus the vehicle) had increased. Thus the need to come up with lighter alloys that were as strong as cast irons arose. One such material that was being used as a substitute was aluminum alloys. Together, these two metals were used exclusively to fabricate engine blocks. Lately , however, a new material process has made a magnesium alloy suitable for use in engines. The alloy, called AMC-SC1, weighs less than both cast iron and aluminum alloys and represents new possibilities in engine manufacturing. A new manufacturing process have made compacted graphite cast iron (CGI) a viable alternative to gray cast iron for the manufacture of diesel engine blocks. Like magnesium alloys, this material offers a higher strength and lower weight than gray cast iron. Thus this section will cover materials used to manufacture engine blocks , component discussion, its functional requirements, and the materials used to manufacture the part. The mechanical properties of the individual alloys will be incorporated, along with the manufacturing processes used to fabricate the component. DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT: WHAT IS AN ENGINE BLOCK? : The engine block is vital structure of vehicles which run on internal combustion, providing the powerhouse for the vehicle. The engine block is termed a block because it is usually a solid cast, housing the cylinders and their components inside a cooled and lubricated crankcase .Common components found in an engine include pistons, camshafts, timing chains,rocker arms, and other various parts. When fully stripped of all components, the core of the engine can be seen: the cylinder block. The cylinder block (popularly known as the engine block) is the strongest component of an engine that provides much of the housing for the hundreds of parts found in a modern engine. The block is typically arranged in a V, inline, or horizontally-opposed (also referred to as flat) configuration and the number of cylinders range from either 3 to as much as 16. Figure 1 shows engine blocks with V configuation. opposed configurations. Functional Requirements of a Cylinder Block: Because engine blocks are a critical component of an engine, it must satisfy a number of functional requirements. These requirements include withstanding high cycle fatigue stresses, thermal strains, and aggressive wear conditions over the full life of the engine, housing internal moving parts and fluids, ease of service and maintenance. REQUIRED MATERIAL PROPERTIES: The one-dimensional era of engine design is finished. The current approach considers the loads acting at each point of the engine block. (Vollrath, 2003) In order for an engine block to meet the above functional requirements, the engineering material(s) used to manufacture the the cylinder block material should have adequate strength and rigidity in compression, bending, and torsion. This is necessary to resist the gas pressure loads and also for the components, which convert the reciprocating motion of individual piston into a single rotary motion. The cylinder-block material should (a) be relatively cheap, (b) readily produce castings with good impressions, (c) be easily machined, (d) be rigid and strong enough in both bending and torsion, (e) have good abrasion resistance, (f) have good corrosion resistance, (h) have a high thermal conductivity,(to prevent failure under high temperatures). (i) retain its strength at high operating temperatures, and (J) have a relatively high thermal expansion, low density.(to resist expanding under high operating temperatures) High strength is a particular concern in diesel engines, since compression ratios are normally 17.0:1 or higher compared to about 10.0:1 for conventional engines. , and thermal conductivity . Good machinability and castability of the metal alloy are also important factors in selecting the proper material, as the harder it is to machine the product, the higher the costs of manufacturing. In addition to the previously mentioned properties, the alloys must possess good vibration damping to absorb the vibrations of the moving parts. METALS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE CYLINDER BLOCKS: Based on the functional requirements of the cylinder block and the material properties required to meet the functional requirements, industries have used cast iron and aluminum alloys to manufacture the blocks. EXISTING MATERIALS: 1)Cast iron alloys are used because of the combination of good mechanical properties, low cost, and availability. 2)Certain aluminum alloys combine the characteristics of iron alloys with low weight, thereby making the material more attractive to manufacturers who are seeking a competitive edge. NEW MATERIALS: 3)Compacted graphite cast iron is lighter and stronger than gray cast iron, making the alloy a more attractive alternative to the latter in the production of cylinder blocks, particularly in diesel engines. 4)Magnesium alloys, which were previously unsuited for use as an engine block material, have the advantage of being the lightest of all the mentioned metals, yet still retains the required strength demanded by a block. 1)GRAY CAST IRON ALLOYS: Gray cast iron alloy have been the dominant metal that was used to manufacture conventional gas-powered engine blocks. Though extensive use of aluminum alloys has minimized the popularity of this material, it still finds wide use in diesel-fueled blocks, where the internal stresses are much higher. The use of cast iron blocks has been wide spread due to its low cost and good formability. Generally types of gray cast iron of pearlite microstructure is used in the manufacturing of engine block. Gray cast iron alloys typically composition: A typical cast iron is a gray cast iron, which contains 2.5-4 wt.% carbon, 1-3 wt.% silicon, 0.2-1.0 wt.% manganese, 0.02-0.25 wt.% sulfur, and 0.02-1.0 wt.% phosphorus [Anyalebechi, P.N.: Essentials of Materials Science Engineering, January 2005, p. 94.]. and the balance (93.6%) iron. The carbon improves lubrication property of graphite, the silicon controls the formation of a laminated structure, called pearlite, which has good wear resistance, and the manganese strengthens and toughens the iron structure. A common aluminium alloy composition is 11.5% silicon, 0.5% manganese, and 0.4% magnesium, with the balance (87.6%) aluminium. The high silicon content in this alloy reduces expansion but improves cast-ability, strength, and abrasion resistance, while the other two elements strengthen the aluminium structure. While this alloy provides a good corrosion resistance, it can absorb only moderate shock loads. Types of cast iron used in engine block: SAE grade G2500- used for small engine blocks. SAE grade G3500-used for heavy and larger diesel engine blocks. Also some ductile iron are also used in manufacturing engine blocks. SAE AMS 5313C: mechanical properties: [alloying: understanding the basics , by joseph R devis.] Grade or class Hardness HB(a) Tensile strength min(b) MPa Yield strength min(b) MPa Elongtion in 50 mm(2in),%(b) Class A 190 max 414 310 15 Gray cast iron has excellent damping capacity, good wear and temperature resistance, is easily machinable, and is inexpensive to produce. However, gray cast irons are relatively weak and are prone to fracture and deformation. Although cast iron meets most of these requirements, it has a low thermal conductivity and is comparatively heavier. Due to these limitations, light aluminium alloys have been used as alternative cylinder-block materials for petrol engines. Cylinder liners are optional with cast-iron blocks; but are more essential with the relatively soft light aluminum alloy blocks, as they cannot directly withstand wear resistance. Because of the lower strength of the aluminum alloys, the blocks are cast with thicker sections and additional support ribs, so that their weight becomes about half of the equivalent cast-iron blocks. Due to these problems, compacted graphite iron has recently begun to compete with gray cast iron as the choice material to produce diesel engine blocks. COMPACTED GRAPHITE CAST IRON: Compacted graphite cast iron (CGI), which was accidentally discovered while trying to produce ductile cast iron, possesses higher tensile strength and elastic modulus than gray cast iron due to the compacted graphite found on the microstructure of CGI. Figure 8 CGI typical microstructure: 5% nodularity, 9% graphite, 265 particles/mm2. 3. CGI a new combination of properties: As shown in Fig. 8, the compacted graphite iron graphite particles appear as individual worm-shaped or vermicular particles. The particles are elongated and randomly oriented as in gray iron; however they are shorter and thicker, and have rounded edges. The compacted graphite morphology inhibits crack initiation and growth and is the source of the improved mechanical properties, as compared to gray iron. Compacted graphite iron invariably includes some nodular (spheroidal) graphite particles. As the nodularity increases, the strength and stiffness also increase, but only at the expense of castability and thermal conductivity (Guesser et all, 2001). It is usual to set a limit of 20% nodularity for CGI specifications. Table 1 shows mechanical properties of CGI, with grades from 300 to 500 MPa. In the case of cylinder blocks and heads, where castability, machinability and heat transfer are all of paramount importance, it is necessary to impose a more narrow specification. A typical specification for a CGI cylinder block or head can be summarised as follows: 1) 0-20% nodularity, for optimal castability, machinability and heat transfer 2) No free flake graphite, flake type graphite (as in grey iron) causes local weakness 3) >90% pearlite, to provide high strength and consistent properties 4) This general specification will result in a minimum-measured tensile strength of 450 MPa in a 25 mm diameter test bar, and will satisfy the ISO 16112 Compacted Graphite Iron standard for Grade GJV 450. The typical mechanical properties for this CGI Grade, in comparison to conventional grey cast iron and aluminium are summarised in Table 1: Mechanical and Physical Propertiesof CGI in comparison to conventional grey cast iron and aluminium at 20à °C Property Units GJV 450 GJL 250 GJL 300 A 390.0 Ultimate Tensile Strength MPa 450 250 300 275 Elastic Modulus GPa 145 105 115 80 Elongation % 1 to 2 0 0 1 Rotating-Bending Fatigue 20à °C) MPa 210 110 125 100 Rotating-Bending Fatigue (225à °C) MPa 205 100 120 35 Thermal Conductivity W/m-K 36 46 39 130 Thermal Expansion ÃŽà ¼m-m-K 12 12 12 18 Density g/cc 7.1 7.1 7.1 2.7 Brinnell Hardness BHN 10-3000 215-255 190-225 215-225 110-150 The results allow the comparison between CGI and gray iron. It can be seen the increase on tensile strength, moving from gray iron to CGI. CGI also shows a higher elastic modulus, when compared to gray iron. [- Mechanical properties of gray iron and CGI grades 400-450. 195-230 HB. Samples taken from the castings (Guesser, 2003)]. Figure 10 [Elastic modulus of gray iron and CGI grade 400. 12.0L I6 cylinder block (Guesser, 2003).] The results in Figure 10 were obtained from two sources: test bars and main bearings of a 12.0L cylinder block. The increase in elastic modulus, from 100 GPa for gray iron to 150 GPa for CGI, results in slighter cylinder bore distortion as reported by Tholl et all (1996), therefore reducing oil consumption and emissions. Results of fatigue strength tests can be seen on figure 11, comparing gray iron grade 250 and CGI grade 450, samples from an I6 5.9L diesel cylinder block. The fatigue limit for the gray iron is 62-79 MPa, depending on the carbon content, while for the CGI the fatigue limit is 175 MPa. The raise of fatigue strength allows the designer to reduce the cylinder block weight. As a result of mechanical properties improvements, a design study conducted by AVL Austria (Sorger Holland, 1999) has evaluated downsizing opportunities for a 1.8 L diesel engine cylinder block, converting from gray iron to CGI. The benefits of this conversion included: 1)9% reduction in overall weight of the finished engine 2) 22% reduction in weight of machined cylinder block 3) 15% reduction in overall length of the finished engine 4) 5% reduction in both; height and width of the finished engine Like gray cast iron, compacted graphite cast iron has good damping capacity and thermal conductivity, but its difficulty to machine has limited the wide-scale use of CGI. A new manufacturing process, however, has opened the way for larger applications of CGI. The development of rotary insert tools has increased the life of the tools used to machine the metal, thus allowing manufacturers to use CGI without worrying about purchasing new tools [Georgiou, George: Iron engines may be in your future, Tooling Production, September 2003, Vol. 69, issue 9, p. 26.]. MAGNESIUM ALLOYS: Magnesium alloys have been used in engines before, but not for cylinder blocks. Rather. The main advantage of this alloy is that the material is much lighter than cast iron and aluminum alloys and has the same strength as cast iron and aluminum alloys[Lampman, Steven: Tuning Up the Metals in Auto Engines, Advanced Materials Processes, May 1991, p. 17.][Anonymous, Magnesium alloy resists high temperature in engine blocks, Advanced Materials and Processes, August 2003, vol. 161, issue 8, p. 13.]. Material scientists and engineers were determined to exploit these characteristics of magnesium alloy and use it to fabricate engine blocks. There were a number of magnesium alloys available that met or exceeded the requirements demanded by manufacturers for an engine block, but insufficient material stability at high temperatures hindered their actual use. Following are the two alloys which have been found suitable for mass production of engine blocks. AMC-SC1: In 2003 material scientists and engineers from the Cooperative Research Center for Cast Metals Manufacturing and the Australian Magnesium Corporation presented their discovery of sand-cast AMC-SC1 magnesium alloy [Anonymous, Magnesium alloy resists high temperature in engine blocks, Advanced Materials and Processes, August 2003, vol. 161, issue 8, p. 13.]. This grade of magnesium alloy contains two rare earth elements, lanthanum and cerium, and was heat-treated with T6. This stabilizes the strength of the alloy at high engine operating temperatures, which is a necessary requirement for a cylinder block material [16]. Bettles et al. had performed experiments to determine the yield and creep strengths of AMC-SC1 and their results are shown in Table 3 [Bettles, C. et al., AMC-SC1: A New Magnesium Alloy Suitable for Powertrain Applications, Society of Automotive Engineers, 2003, p. 2.]. From Table 3, the most significant point is that the yield strength of AMC-SC1 essentially stays the same at 177à °C as it does at room temperature. Table 3: Yield and creep strengths of magnesium AMC-SC1 at room temperature, 150à °C, and 177à °C [17]. Room temperature 24à °C 150à °C 177à °C Yield strength, MPa 120 116 117 Creep strength, MPa 120 98 This means that the material is able to tolerate a wide range of operating temperatures without a loss in strength. Other properties of the magnesium alloy 10 include good thermal conductivity, excellent machining and casting qualities, and excellent damping characteristics. To demonstrate the significant weight savings of magnesium alloy over cast iron and aluminum alloy, consider BMWs inline-6 R6 (shown in Figure 4), which replaced the companys M54 aluminum engine. Its cylinder block is made of AMC-SC1 and is said to have decreased the weight of a comparably-built gray cast iron and aluminum alloy block by 57% and 24% [Jost, Kevin: BMW builds better inline six, Automotive Engineering International, January 2005, pp. 20-32.]. So far, BMW is the only company to have used magnesium alloy cylinder blocks in production vehicles. But, with a significant weight advantage over the current alloys used today and negligible increase in cost, other manufacturers will begin to consider the use of AMC-SC1 and possibly other grades of magnesium alloys for engine blocks. Figure 4: BMWs 6-cylinder R6 powerplant uses a magnesium alloy AMC-SC1-fabricated cylinder block [Jost, Kevin: BMW builds better inline six, Automotive Engineering International, January 2005, pp. 20-32.]. PRODUCTION PROCESS: STANDARD CASTING WITH SOME MODIFICATIONS: This alloy can be cast using a standard production process, with some modifications. For a magnesium alloy engine to be economically viable, it is not merely the cost of the alloy that is important. The casting process must also be commercially viable. There are several modifications required if an existing casting line of cast iron or aluminum is to be converted to one producing magnesium parts. These can be summarised as follows: à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ A new inhibitor in the sand cores to prevent reaction between the melt and the sand. à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ A redesign of the runner and gating system to ensure adequate filling (magnesium alloys have a low heat content). à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ Preheating of the core package to 150à °C. à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ Modifications to the core package design to allow low pressure rather than gravity filling and feeding. AM-HP2: AM-HP2 A High Pressure Diecasting Magnesium Alloy: The AM-HP2 magnesium alloy has similar high-temperature strength to AM-SC1 and has been specially tailored for use in the high pressure diecasting process. Like AM-SC1, the light-weight alloy significantly increases fuel-efficiency, environmental sustainability and vehicle agility and is suitable for the powertrain components of vehicles, such as engines blocks etc. Need for New alloy:AM-HP2 AM-HP2 has been specifically developed as a diecasting alloy for high temperature automotive powertrain applications, such as engine blocks, structural sumps and automatic transmission housings. The alloy is based upon the successful sand casting alloy, AM-SC1, with a modified composition to make it suitable for the high pressure die casting process. Commercial Opportunities AM-HP2 Magnesium Alloy in the Auto industry: High pressure diecasting is a highly productive process for mass production of light alloy components. While the casting integrity of sand casting and low pressure/gravity permanent mould castings is higher than high pressure diecasting, the latter technology is cheaper. Thus, this process is gaining popularity among auto manufacturers for casting of aluminium engine blocks. It is also the common process for powertrain components such as transmission housings. There is a strong demand in the automotive industry for a suitable high pressure diecasting magnesium alloy for high volume powertrain applications. AM-HP2 exhibits good diecastability and the required high temperature mechanical properties for engine components (including engine blocks) and automatic transmission housings. It has similar creep properties to alloy, AM-SC1. Advantages of AM-HP2 Magnesium over Other Alloys: A key advantage of AM-HP2 is that the alloy is more diecastable than competitor high temperature creep resistant magnesium alloys.Thus, the alloy can be more readily cast into complex shapes with fewer rejects and a wider operating window. The alloy also has better high temperature creep strength than its competitors and thus offers considerable advantage to engine designers seeking to obtain maximum performance for lowest weight and cost. current status of AM-HP2 magnesium development: Pilot scale diecasting trials and laboratory testing of mechanical properties have demonstrated the suitability of AM-HP2 for mass produced powertrain components. PRODUCTION PROCESSES: 3.2 Casting Processes There are two methods used to cast engine blocks for all materials: green sand molding or lost foam casting. The latter, pioneered by General Motors for their Saturn vehicles, have[11] become more popular due to its capability to produce near net shape components, provide tight tolerances for critical components, and reduce machine maintenance and cost [19]. Green sand molding, however, is still widely used in industry as material costs are low and most metals can be cast by this method [Luther, Norris: Metalcasting and Molding Processes, [Online], 22 March 2005-last visited, Available: http://www.castingsoruce.com/tech_art_metalcasting.asp.]. 3.2.1 Green Sand Molding: Green sand molding the common method to cast engine blocks. The term green denotes the presence of moisture in the molding sand . Figure demonstrates the pattern used in sand casting. The pattern mounted into the moulding box along with the runner and ingate system ready to produce a mould. [http://www.dmdaustralia.com.au/block1.html] From Figure 2, a combination of silica sand, clay, and water poured in one-half of the block pattern with a wood or metal frame. The mold is then compacted by squeezing or jolting, and the process is repeated for the other half of the mold. A core consisting of hardened sand is used for support. Then, molten cast iron, aluminum, or magnesium alloy is poured into the combined molds and solidifies. Once the latter part has been completed, the molds are removed, and the cylinder block is cleaned and inspected. Heat treatment of the block is then undertaken to improve the mechanical properties of the alloy for suitable use. [7]. 12 LOST FOAM CASTING: THE PROCESS: Figure 6: Graphical description of the last 6 of 7 methods of the lost foam casting method [Anonymous, Aluminum Cylinder Block for General Motors Truck/SUV engines, A Design Study in Aluminum Casings, pp. 1-31.] The lost foam casting process uses a expanded polystyrene replica of the part being cast. 1)The coated replica/pattern is placed in a flask and loose sand is placed around the pattern and shaken into its voids. 2)Molten metal is then poured through a foam sprue, or funnel, into the sand where the hot metal melts and displaces the foam of the pattern. 3)the metal cools in the shape of the part. The basic steps of the lost foam casting process are: 1) Pattern Molding Bead Pre expansion and Conditioning, Tool Preheat, Pattern Molding, Pattern Aging 2)Pattern/Cluster Assembly 3)Pattern Coating and Drying 4)Sand Fill and Compaction Metal Casting and Cooling 5)Shakeout, Clean-up, and Finishing Lost foam casting is a more reliable and efficient casting technique of the manufacture of engine blocks than green sand molding. The technique begins with the use of polystyrene beads placed in preexpanders for wet expansion to control bead size and density to produce four separate block moldings to be glued together to form the final mold [7, 19]. Next, the metal tool is preheated to remove any moisture and then filled with the beads. The tool is then heated via steam and placed in an autoclave, where it is subjected to high pressures in order to create the molds [7]. The tool is removed from the autoclave and immersed in water to finish the moldings. Precise control over the heating and cooling aspect ensures dimensionally accurate, smooth and strong molds [Anonymous, Aluminum Cylinder Block for General Motors Truck/SUV engines, A Design Study in Aluminum Casings, pp. 1-31.]. If the tool was not heated before the beads were injected, the results would be rough finishes in the molds with low-strength sections. If the tool and beads stay heated for an extended period of time, or is not cooled enough, the beads become overfused, which produces surface variations in the moldings. If the tool has been inadequately cooled, the molds will contain variations in dimensions [Anonymous, Aluminum Cylinder Block for General Motors Truck/SUV engines, A Design Study in Aluminum Casings, pp. 1-31.]. Figure 3 shows the final half stages of the lost foam casting method. . From Figure 3, once the individual molds are glued together, the assembly is placed in a vat with water-based ceramic liquid to prevent molten metal from destroying the mold, stiffen the assembly, and provide a smooth finish [Anonymous, Aluminum Cylinder Block for General Motors Truck/SUV engines, A Design Study in Aluminum Casings, pp. 1-31.]. The assembly can also be sprayed with the ceramic liquid, but is a time-consuming process. Next, the coated foam engine block is filled with sand,[13] compacted, and immersed in the molten metal alloy. Once cooled, sand is removed from the metal casting, cleaned, and undergoes heat treatment to increase the mechanical properties of the block. Finally, coolant and oil passages are machined into the block. Advantages over conventional sand casting: Unlike conventional sand casting, the lost foam process allows more complex and detailed passages and other features to be cast directly into the part. The lost foam process: 1) Forms complex internal passages and features without cores. 2) Reduces part mass with near net shape capability. 3) Eliminates parting lines. 4) Reduces machining operations and costs. 5)Provides for tight tolerances in critical areas and features. Lost Foam Casting for Fine Features: The lost foam casting process allows more complex and detailed passages and other features to be cast directly into the cylinder block. 1) In the cylinder block, oil galleries, crank case ventilation channels, oil drain back passages, and coolant passages are cast into the block. 2) These features would otherwise require drilling or external plumbing (with a potential for leaks). 3)Lost Foam castings have tighter dimensional tolerances compared to sand castings, because variations caused by core shift and core variability are eliminated and there is much less tool wear over the production life. The direct result is a significant reduction in machining costs and infrastructure investment and fewer opportunities for errors in machining and assembly. A comparison of green sand casting to lost foam casting shows a number of distinct advantages for lost foam: Property Green Sand Casting Lost Foam Casting Complex Internal Features and Part Consolidation Complexity determined by sand core limitations geometry, strength, and cost. Extensive and complex internal features (as small as 0.20) available in lost foam, based on detail duplication and pattern assembly in foam. Dimensional Tolerances +/- 0.030 is typical depending on part size, complexity, and geometry +/- 0.005-0.010 is typical depending on part size, complexity, and geometry. Surface Finish Capabilities 250-600 microinches typical. Depends on grain fineness of sand. 60-250 microinches typical. Depends on bead size and ceramic coating grain fineness. Feature Accuracy Core movement and shift between mold halves across the parting line limit feature accuracy. No cores or mold halves to shift and degrade feature accuracy Parting Line and Draft Angles Parting lines and draft angles are necessary for molding. No parting lines in the mold and minimal draft on tools. Environmental Costs Sand recovery requires binder removal and time consuming sand clean-up Sand is binder free, so it can be easily and rapidly recovered a Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-733595172606087951.post-32984753267661903452019-11-13T09:57:00.001-08:002019-11-13T09:57:02.363-08:00The Beatles :: Essay on The Beatles The Beatles are even today known as the greatest and most influential act of the rock era. They introduced more innovations into popular music than any other rock band of the 20th century. Moreover, they were among the few artists of any genre that were simultaneously the best at what they did, and the most popular at what they did. They were also the first British rock group to achieve worldwide prominence, launching a British Invasion that made rock truly an international phenomenon. Guitarist and teenage rebel John Lennon got hooked on rock & roll in the mid-'50s, and formed a band, the Quarrymen, at his high school. Around mid-1957, the Quarrymen were joined by another guitarist, Paul McCartney. A bit later they were joined by another guitarist, George Harrison, a friend of McCartney's. As the line up of the Quarrymen grew and depleted, the Quarrymen were eventually reduced to the trio of guitarists: Lennon, McCartney and Harrison. The Quarrymen changed their name to the Silver Beatles in 1960, quickly dropping the "Silver" to become just the Beatles. Lennon's college friend Stuart Sutcliffe joined on bass, but finding a permanent drummer was a problem until Pete Best joined in 1960. Although the Beatles had "artfully combin[ed] the best of American musical influences , the vocal style of black rhythm and blues groups from the 1950s, the primitive excitement of rock 'n' roll, the flair of Elvis, and the slickness of the American "hit parade"" (Assayas, 26) they hadn't fully developed , and some of their early recordings were issued only after the band's rise to fame. Near the end of 1961, the Beatles' exploding local popularity caught the attention of local record store manager Brian Epstein, who was soon managing the band as well. He used his contacts to acquire a January 1, 1962, audition at Decca Records. After weeks of deliberation, Decca turned them down, as did several other British labels. Epstein's perseverance was finally rewarded with an audition for producer George Martin at Parlophone, an EMI subsidiary; Martin signed the Beatles in mid-1962. By this time, Epstein was grooming the band for national success by influencing them to get rid of their leather jackets and throw on a suit and tie.One more major change was kicking Pete Best out of the band. Best was replaced by Ringo Starr. As each of the groups singles sold over a million copies in the U. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17650860516169937017noreply@blogger.com0